The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2022 Jun;76:102186. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102186. Epub 2022 May 11.
Despite successful viral suppression with antiretroviral therapy, chronic HIV-1 infection is associated with ongoing immune dysfunction. Investigation of the complex immune response in treated and untreated individuals with chronic HIV-1 infection is warranted. Immune alterations such as monocyte phenotype and Th-17/Treg ratios often persist years after the reduction in viraemia and predispose many individuals to long-term comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease or cancer. Furthermore, while there has been extensive research on the latent reservoir of treated patients with chronic HIV-1, which prevents the discontinuation of treatment, the mechanism behind this remains elusive and needs further investigation. In this review, we assist in navigating the recent research on these groups of individuals and provide a basis for further investigation.
尽管抗逆转录病毒疗法可成功抑制病毒，但慢性 HIV-1 感染仍与持续的免疫功能障碍有关。因此，有必要研究治疗和未治疗的慢性 HIV-1 感染者的复杂免疫反应。即使病毒血症减少多年后，免疫改变如单核细胞表型和 Th17/Treg 比值仍经常存在，并使许多人易患长期合并症，如心血管疾病或癌症。此外，虽然已经对慢性 HIV-1 治疗患者的潜伏储库进行了广泛的研究，该储库可防止停止治疗，但该机制仍难以捉摸，需要进一步研究。在这篇综述中，我们协助了解这些人群的最新研究，并为进一步研究提供基础。
