School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, P.R. China.
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, P.R. China.
Phytomedicine. 2022 Jul 20;102:154145. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154145. Epub 2022 May 6.
Anthocyanins are a kind of flavonoids and natural water-soluble pigments, which endow fruits, vegetables, and plants with multiple colors. They are important source of new products with prebiotic activity. However, there is no systematic review documenting prebiotic activity of anthocyanins and their structural analogues. This study aims to fill this gap in literature.
The objective of this review is to summarize and evaluate the prebiotic activity of anthocyanin's, and discuss the physical and molecular modification methods to improve their biological activities.
In this review, the databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Researchgate and Elsevier) were searched profoundly with keywords (anthocyanin's, prebiotics, probiotics, physical embedding and molecular modification).
A total of 34 articles were considered for reviewing. These studies approved that anthocyanins play an important role in promoting the proliferation of probiotics, inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria and improving the intestinal environment. In addition, physical embedding and molecular modification have also been proved to be effective methods to improve the prebiotic activity of anthocyanins. Anthocyanins could promote the production of short chain fatty acids, accelerate self degradation and improve microbial related enzyme activities to promote the proliferation of probiotics. They inhibited the growth of harmful bacteria by inhibiting the expression of harmful bacteria genes, interfering with the role of metabolism related enzymes and affecting respiratory metabolism. They promoted the formation of a complete intestinal barrier and regulated the intestinal environment to keep the body healthy. Physical embedding, including microencapsulation and colloidal embedding, greatly improved the stability of anthocyanins. On the other hand, molecular modification, especially enzymatic modification, significantly improved the biological activities (antioxidant, prebiotic activity and so on) of anthocyanins.
All these research results displayed by this review indicate that anthocyanins are a useful tool for developing prebiotic products. The better activities of the new anthocyanins formed by embedding and modification may make them become more effective raw materials. Our review provides a scientific basis for the future research and application of anthocyanins.
花色苷是一种类黄酮和天然水溶性色素，赋予水果、蔬菜和植物多种颜色。它们是具有益生元活性的新产品的重要来源。然而，目前没有系统的综述记录花色苷及其结构类似物的益生元活性。本研究旨在填补这一文献空白。
本综述的目的是总结和评估花色苷及其结构类似物的益生元活性，并讨论改善其生物活性的物理和分子修饰方法。
在本综述中，通过关键词（花色苷、益生元、益生菌、物理包埋和分子修饰）在数据库（PubMed、Google Scholar、Web of Science、Researchgate 和 Elsevier）中进行了深入搜索。
共考虑了 34 篇文章进行综述。这些研究证实，花色苷在促进益生菌增殖、抑制有害细菌生长和改善肠道环境方面发挥着重要作用。此外，物理包埋和分子修饰也被证明是提高花色苷益生元活性的有效方法。花色苷可以通过促进短链脂肪酸的产生、加速自身降解以及提高与微生物相关的酶活性来促进益生菌的增殖。它们通过抑制有害细菌基因的表达、干扰代谢相关酶的作用以及影响呼吸代谢来抑制有害细菌的生长。它们促进完整肠道屏障的形成并调节肠道环境以保持身体健康。物理包埋，包括微胶囊化和胶体包埋，大大提高了花色苷的稳定性。另一方面，分子修饰，特别是酶修饰，显著提高了花色苷的生物活性（抗氧化、益生元活性等）。
本综述中展示的所有这些研究结果表明，花色苷是开发益生元产品的有用工具。通过包埋和修饰形成的新花色苷具有更好的活性，可能使它们成为更有效的原料。本综述为花色苷的未来研究和应用提供了科学依据。
