School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China.
PLoS One. 2018 Apr 9;13(4):e0195754. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195754. eCollection 2018.
Anthocyanins are naturally active substances. In this study, anthocyanins from black rice were obtained by membrane filtration and column chromatography separation. Five anthocyanin monomers in black rice extract were identified by HPLC-MS/MS, and the major anthocyanin monomer (cyanidin-3-glucoside, C3G) was purified by preparative HPLC (Pre-HPLC). The proliferative effects of the anthocyanins on Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus were investigated by determining the media pH, bacterial populations and metabolic products. After anaerobic incubation at 37 °C for 48 h, not only the pH of the media containing C3G was lower than that of the extract of black rice anthocyanin (BRAE), but the numbers of both Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus were also significantly increased. Furthermore, hydroxyphenylpropionic, hydroxyphenylacetic, and hydroxybenzoic acids and other metabolites were detected by GC-MS in vitro. Our results revealed that the anthocyanins and anthocyanin monomers from black rice had prebiotic activity and they were metabolized into several small molecules by Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus.
花色苷是天然活性物质。本研究通过膜过滤和柱层析分离从黑米中获得花色苷。采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（HPLC-MS/MS）鉴定黑米提取物中的 5 种花色苷单体，并用制备高效液相色谱（Pre-HPLC）对主要花色苷单体（矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷，C3G）进行纯化。通过测定培养基 pH 值、细菌种群和代谢产物来研究花色苷对双歧杆菌和乳酸菌的增殖作用。在 37°C 厌氧孵育 48 h 后，不仅含有 C3G 的培养基的 pH 值低于黑米花色苷提取物（BRAE），而且双歧杆菌和乳酸菌的数量也显著增加。此外，通过 GC-MS 还在体外检测到对羟基苯丙酸、对羟基乙酸和对羟基苯甲酸等代谢物。我们的结果表明，黑米花色苷和花色苷单体具有益生元活性，它们被双歧杆菌和乳酸菌代谢成几种小分子。
