Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, St George´s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St George's, University of London, London / St George´s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom.
Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2022 May;81:111-118. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2022.03.001. Epub 2022 Mar 9.
Surgical menopause (iatrogenic menopause) happens when both ovaries are removed before the natural "switching off" of ovarian function; it can cause premature ovarian insufficiency where the menopause occurs in women before the age of 40. Surgical menopause is associated with a sudden reduction of ovarian sex steroid production rather than a gradual one as is the case in natural menopause. In women who have undergone bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) before the natural age of menopause, strong consideration should be given to giving hormone replacement therapy (HRT) till the natural age of menopause at least. Sexual function and sexual desire are altered post-BSO, especially in younger women hence part of HRT prescription must include consideration of androgen too.
手术绝经（医源性绝经）发生在双侧卵巢在自然绝经前被切除时；它可能导致卵巢早衰，即绝经发生在女性 40 岁之前。手术绝经与卵巢性激素产生的突然减少有关，而不是像自然绝经那样逐渐减少。对于在自然绝经年龄之前接受双侧输卵管卵巢切除术（BSO）的女性，强烈建议至少在自然绝经年龄之前给予激素替代治疗（HRT）。BSO 后性功能和性欲发生改变，尤其是在年轻女性中，因此 HRT 处方的一部分必须包括考虑雄激素。
