Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin, Turkey.
Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin, Turkey.
J Prosthet Dent. 2022 Jun;127(6):928.e1-928.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.04.013. Epub 2022 May 12.
Surface treatments (STs) required for micromechanical interlocking can lead to alterations in the surface characterization and mechanical features of the resin-matrix ceramics (RMCs), which may jeopardize the long-term outcome of an indirect restoration. However, evidence on this issue is lacking.
The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the influence of different STs on the surface roughness (SR), water contact angle (WCA), and flexural strength (FS) of RMCs.
Two hundred rectangular plates (12×14×1 mm) were prepared from 5 different RMC ingots, including a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (Vita Enamic [VE]), 2 resin nanoceramics (Lava Ultimate [LU], Grandio Blocks [GB]), a flexible nanoparticle-filled resin (GC Cerasmart [GC]), and a reinforced composite resin (Brilliant Crios [BC]). Plates of each RMC group were further divided into 4 subgroups according to the ST applied: Control, no treatment (C); airborne-particle abrasion with aluminum oxide particles (APA); 2W- and 3W-Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiations (LI, LI) (n=10 per ST). The SR (Ra) of each plate was recorded with a contact profilometer. WCAs (θ) of distilled water on the plates were determined by using the sessile-drop method. The FS (MPa) of each plate was measured with a universal testing machine. Data acquired for SR, WCA, and FS were statistically analyzed (α=.05). Weibull statistics were also conducted to determine the reliability of each material.
The 2-way ANOVA showed that SR, WCA, and FS values were significantly influenced not only by all tested variables but also by their interaction terms (P<.001). All STs significantly increased the SR values (P<.05). Maximum and minimum SR values were recorded in GC-LI (7.06 ±0.16) and GC-C (0.07 ±0.02) groups. After STs, WCA values significantly diminished (P<.05). Maximum and minimum WCA values were recorded in LU-C (61.74 ±2.45) and VE-APA (40.38 ±1.56) groups. All STs significantly reduced the FS values (P<.05). The upper and lower FS bounds were 140.7 ±17.07 and 60.66 ±6.31, respectively, set by VG-C and GC-APA. Weibull distribution indicated that the untreated groups presented the highest m values. Among the treated groups, BC-LI demonstrated superior reliability (m=14.04).
APA for LU, LI for VG and BC, and LI for GC and VE can be preferred. Although APA increased the SR and provided more wettable surfaces, it caused considerable loss of FS. Therefore, LI can be recommended as a safer ST for RMCs.
为了实现机械锁合，需要对表面进行处理（ST），这可能会改变树脂基质陶瓷（RMC）的表面特性和机械性能，从而影响间接修复体的长期效果。然而，目前缺乏这方面的证据。
本体外研究的目的是评估不同 ST 对 RMC 的表面粗糙度（SR）、水接触角（WCA）和弯曲强度（FS）的影响。
从 5 种不同的 RMC 铸锭中制备了 200 个矩形片（12×14×1mm），包括聚合物渗透陶瓷网络（Vita Enamic [VE]）、2 种树脂纳米陶瓷（Lava Ultimate [LU]、Grandio Blocks [GB]）、一种弹性纳米颗粒填充树脂（GC Cerasmart [GC]）和一种增强型复合树脂（Brilliant Crios [BC]）。每个 RMC 组的片材进一步根据应用的 ST 分为 4 个亚组：对照组，无处理（C）；用氧化铝颗粒进行空气喷丸处理（APA）；2W-和 3W-Er,Cr:YSGG 激光照射（LI、LI）（每个 ST 组 10 个）。用接触式轮廓仪记录每个片材的 SR（Ra）。通过静态液滴法确定片材上蒸馏水的 WCAs（θ）。用万能试验机测量每个片材的 FS（MPa）。对 SR、WCA 和 FS 进行的数据分析（α=.05）。还进行了威布尔统计，以确定每种材料的可靠性。
2 因素方差分析表明，SR、WCA 和 FS 值不仅受到所有测试变量的显著影响，而且受到它们的交互项的显著影响（P<.001）。所有 ST 均显著增加了 SR 值（P<.05）。在 GC-LI（7.06±0.16）和 GC-C（0.07±0.02）组中记录到最大和最小的 SR 值。ST 后，WCA 值显著降低（P<.05）。在 LU-C（61.74±2.45）和 VE-APA（40.38±1.56）组中记录到最大和最小的 WCA 值。所有 ST 均显著降低了 FS 值（P<.05）。FS 的上限和下限分别由 VG-C 和 GC-APA 设定为 140.7±17.07 和 60.66±6.31。威布尔分布表明，未经处理的组呈现出最高的 m 值。在经过处理的组中，BC-LI 表现出更高的可靠性（m=14.04）。
可以选择 LU 的 APA、VG 和 BC 的 LI 以及 VE 和 GC 的 LI 作为优选的 ST。虽然 APA 增加了 SR 并提供了更具润湿性的表面，但它导致了相当大的 FS 损失。因此，LI 可以作为 RMC 的更安全的 ST 推荐。
