Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA) UMR-CNRS 7295, Universit́e de Tours, France.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2022 Jul;227:103609. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103609. Epub 2022 May 13.
The present study examined the effects of current physical exercise and age on episodic memory and fluid intelligence, assessed with a free-recall task and the Culture Fair Intelligence Test (Cattell, 1963) respectively, while statistically controlling for other cognitive reserve factors (educational level, leisure activities, and vocabulary level). Two hundred and eight participants aged 20 to 85 participated in the study. Physical exercise level was indexed by weekly frequency over the last 12 months using self-reported measurement (from none to 4 times a week). Overall, results show a beneficial effect of physical exercise especially from a weekly practice of 2 times, and significant interaction between physical exercise and age on episodic memory and fluid intelligence capacities indicating a reduced effect of age in more physically active participants. These results reinforce the view that physical exercise is a strong and specific reserve factor that reduces decline in some cognitive functions during aging.
本研究考察了当前体育锻炼和年龄对情景记忆和流体智力的影响，分别使用自由回忆任务和文化公平智力测验（ Cattell ， 1963 ）进行评估，同时统计控制了其他认知储备因素（教育水平、休闲活动和词汇水平）。 208 名年龄在 20 至 85 岁的参与者参加了研究。过去 12 个月每周的体育锻炼频率通过自我报告测量（从无到每周 4 次）来衡量。总的来说，结果表明体育锻炼具有有益的影响，特别是每周锻炼 2 次以上，并且体育锻炼和年龄对情景记忆和流体智力能力有显著的交互作用，这表明在更积极参加体育锻炼的参与者中，年龄的影响较小。这些结果进一步证实了体育锻炼是一种强大而特殊的储备因素，可以减少衰老过程中某些认知功能的下降。
