Tsumura Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Yoshiwara 3586, Ami, Inashiki, Ibaraki 300-1192, Japan.
Gene. 2022 Jul 15;831:146555. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146555. Epub 2022 May 13.
Traditional Japanese medicines, known as "Kampo medicines", are pharmaceutical-grade multi-herbal treatments that are integrated within the modern medical system in Japan. Although basic and clinical research including placebo-controlled double-blind trials is attempting to clarify their effectiveness and mechanisms of action, such studies are seriously limited due to the multi-targeted, multi-component "long-tail" properties of Kampo medicines, which are fundamentally different from modern western therapeutics. However, recent progress in high-throughput analytical technology, coupled with an exponential increase in biomedical information on various levels from molecular biology to clinical "big" data, is enabling us to commence a multidisciplinary and comprehensive investigation of Kampo medicines based on multi-omics, bio-informatics, and systems biology. In addition to deriving an inclusive understanding of the benefits and mechanisms of Kampo medicines, "KAMPOmics" may lead to the development of new principles to control and treat diseases in a systems-oriented manner. Furthermore, elucidation of "sho" and "mibyo" - classical concepts of Kampo, which loosely approximate to the notions of "precise medicine" and "pre-symptomatic aberration", respectively - may contribute to the development of patient-oriented medicine, an area attracting enormous growth and interest in contemporary medicine.
传统的日本药物，被称为“汉方药”，是一种医药级别的多草药治疗方法，在日本的现代医疗体系中得到了应用。尽管包括安慰剂对照双盲试验在内的基础和临床研究正在试图阐明其疗效和作用机制，但由于汉方药具有多靶点、多成分的“长尾”特性，与现代西方疗法有根本的不同，因此此类研究受到了严重限制。然而，高通量分析技术的最新进展，加上从分子生物学到临床“大数据”各个层面的生物医学信息的指数级增长，使我们能够基于多组学、生物信息学和系统生物学开始对汉方药进行多学科和全面的研究。除了全面了解汉方药的疗效和作用机制外，“KAMPOmics”可能会为以系统为导向的疾病控制和治疗方法的发展提供新的原理。此外，阐明汉方的“证”和“未病”这两个经典概念——分别大致相当于“精准医学”和“亚临床偏差”的概念——可能有助于发展以患者为中心的医学，这是当代医学中一个极具发展潜力和吸引力的领域。
