Sino-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China; Norway-Sino Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Institute of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 7491, Norway.
Sino-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2022 Jun;125:220-229. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.05.014. Epub 2022 May 13.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the partial replacement of fish meal by Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture on growth performance, immunity, composition and function of intestinal microbiota and disease resistance in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Two equal nitrogen and energy diets were prepared including a basal diet (containing 10% fish meal, Control) and an experimental diet (replacing 20% of the fish meal of the basal diet with yeast culture, RFM). Channel catfish were fed with the diets for 12 weeks. The results showed that weight gain and condition factor were significantly increased, and FCR was significantly decreased in RFM group (P < 0.05). The gene expression of intestinal HIF1α was significantly increased in RFM group (P < 0.05), while the expressions of NF-κB in the intestine and liver were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The relative abundance of Firmicutes tended to increase, and the Turicibacter had an upward trend (0.05 < P < 0.2). In addition, the survival rate of channel catfish was significantly increased in RFM group after challenged with Aeromonas veronii Hm091 and Aeromonas hydrophila NJ-1 (P < 0.05). Compared with intestinal microbiota of channel catfish of control group, intestinal microbiota of channel catfish of RFM group significantly increased the expression of HIF1α, and decreased the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α (P < 0.05) in germ-free zebrafish. Intestinal microbiota induced by RFM diet also significantly increased disease resistance to Aeromonas veronii Hm091 and Aeromonas hydrophila NJ-1. In conclusion, replacement of fish meal by the yeast culture improved the growth, immunity and disease resistance of channel catfish, and intestinal microbiota of channel catfish induced by the yeast culture played a critical role in these effects.
本研究旨在探讨用酿酒酵母培养物部分替代鱼粉对斑点叉尾鮰生长性能、免疫、肠道微生物组成和功能以及抗病性的影响。配制了两种等氮等能的饲料，包括基础饲料（含 10%鱼粉，对照）和实验饲料（用酵母培养物替代基础饲料中 20%的鱼粉，RFM）。用这些饲料喂养斑点叉尾鮰 12 周。结果表明，RFM 组的体重增加和体质量系数显著提高，而饲料转化率显著降低（P < 0.05）。RFM 组肠道 HIF1α 基因的表达显著增加（P < 0.05），而肠道和肝脏 NF-κB 的表达显著降低（P < 0.05）。厚壁菌门的相对丰度有增加的趋势，而瘤胃菌科的 Turicibacter 呈上升趋势（0.05 < P < 0.2）。此外，RFM 组在受到维氏气单胞菌 Hm091 和嗜水气单胞菌 NJ-1 攻击后，斑点叉尾鮰的存活率显著提高（P < 0.05）。与对照组的肠道微生物相比，RFM 组的肠道微生物显著增加了无菌斑马鱼中 HIF1α 的表达，降低了 IL-1β 和 TNF-α 的表达（P < 0.05）。RFM 饮食诱导的肠道微生物也显著提高了对维氏气单胞菌 Hm091 和嗜水气单胞菌 NJ-1 的抗病性。总之，用酵母培养物替代鱼粉提高了斑点叉尾鮰的生长、免疫和抗病性，酵母培养物诱导的斑点叉尾鮰肠道微生物在这些效应中发挥了关键作用。
