Sultana Sadia, Biró Janka, Kucska Balázs, Hancz Csaba
Kaposvár Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Guba S. 40., 7400 Kaposvár, Hungary.
Research Center for Fisheries and Aquaculture, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Anna-liget u. 35, 5540 Szarvas, Hungary.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Oct 3;14(19):2851. doi: 10.3390/ani14192851.
The aquafeed industry increasingly relies on using sustainable and appropriate protein sources to ensure the long-term sustainability and financial viability of intensive aquaculture. Yeast has emerged as a viable substitute protein source in the aquaculture sector due to its potential as a nutritional supplement. A substantial body of evidence exists to suggest that yeast has the potential to act as an effective immune-stimulating agent for a range of aquaculture fish species. Furthermore, the incorporation of yeast supplements and feed additives has the potential to bolster disease prevention, development, and production within the aquaculture sector. Except for methionine, lysine, arginine, and phenylalanine, which are typically the limiting essential amino acids in various fish species, the various yeast species exhibit amino acid profiles that are advantageous when compared to fishmeal. The present review considers the potential nutritional suitability of several yeast species for fish, with particular attention to the various applications of yeast in aquaculture nutrition. The findings of this study indicate that the inclusion of yeast in the diet resulted in the most favorable outcomes, with improvements observed in the overall health, growth performance, and nutritional condition of the fish. Digestibility, a key factor in sustainable feed development, is discussed in special detail. Additionally, this review addresses the utilization of yeast as an immunostimulating agent for fish and its digestion in fish. Furthermore, the research emphasizes the necessity of large-scale production of yeast as a substitute for fishmeal in aquaculture.
水产饲料行业越来越依赖于使用可持续且合适的蛋白质来源，以确保集约化水产养殖的长期可持续性和财务可行性。由于酵母作为营养补充剂的潜力，它已成为水产养殖领域一种可行的替代蛋白质来源。大量证据表明，酵母有潜力作为一系列水产养殖鱼类的有效免疫刺激剂。此外，添加酵母补充剂和饲料添加剂有潜力加强水产养殖部门的疾病预防、发展和生产。除了蛋氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸和苯丙氨酸（通常是各种鱼类中限制性必需氨基酸）外，与鱼粉相比，各种酵母菌种的氨基酸谱具有优势。本综述考虑了几种酵母菌种对鱼类的潜在营养适宜性，特别关注酵母在水产养殖营养中的各种应用。这项研究的结果表明，在饲料中添加酵母产生了最有利的结果，鱼类的整体健康、生长性能和营养状况都有改善。消化率是可持续饲料开发的一个关键因素，本文对此进行了特别详细的讨论。此外，本综述还阐述了酵母作为鱼类免疫刺激剂的利用及其在鱼体内的消化情况。此外，该研究强调了大规模生产酵母作为水产养殖中鱼粉替代品的必要性。
