Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St. Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Oct;29(46):69743-69752. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-20622-2. Epub 2022 May 16.
Plant leaf meal of some forage trees such as Moringa oleifera has attracted an increasing interest as a good and cheap source of protein. The present in vitro experiment employed the in vitro wireless gas production (GP) technique to evaluate the inclusion of M. oleifera leaves ensiled for 45 days as a replacement for soybean meal in rations. A control basal ration was formulated to contain 17.5% soybean meal as a source of protein. Soybean meal in the control ration was replaced with silage (MOS) at increasing levels of 0 to 100%. Replacing soybean meal with MOS gradually increased (P < 0.001) GP kinetics (asymptotic GP, rate of GP, and lag time of GP). However, soybean meal replacement decreased (P < 0.001) asymptotic methane (CH) and carbon dioxide (CO) productions, and rate of CH production and increased the lag time of CH and CO production. Gradual increases (P < 0.001) in the digestibility of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber, ruminal bacteria count, fermentation pH, and the concentrations of ruminal total volatile fatty acids, acetate, and propionate were observed with rations containing MOS. Decreases in the digestibility of crude protein, ruminal protozoal count, and the concentrations of ruminal ammonia-N were observed with MOS rations. It is concluded soybean meal can be completely replaced by MOS with desirable effects on ruminal fermentation.
一些饲料树木的植物叶粉，如辣木，作为一种良好且廉价的蛋白质来源，已引起越来越多的关注。本体外实验采用体外无线气体产生（GP）技术来评估在青贮 45 天后将辣木叶粉作为替代豆粕添加到日粮中的效果。设计了一个对照基础日粮，包含 17.5%的豆粕作为蛋白质来源。对照日粮中的豆粕逐渐被青贮（MOS）替代，替代水平为 0 到 100%。用 MOS 替代豆粕逐渐增加（P < 0.001）GP 动力学（渐近 GP、GP 速率和 GP 滞后时间）。然而，用 MOS 替代豆粕降低（P < 0.001）了渐近甲烷（CH）和二氧化碳（CO）产生量、CH 产生速率以及增加了 CH 和 CO 产生的滞后时间。含有 MOS 的日粮中，干物质、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的消化率、瘤胃细菌计数、发酵 pH 值以及瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸、乙酸和丙酸的浓度逐渐增加（P < 0.001）。MOS 日粮中观察到粗蛋白消化率、瘤胃原虫计数和瘤胃氨态氮浓度降低。因此，MOS 可完全替代豆粕，对瘤胃发酵具有理想的效果。
