Alvarado-Ramírez Edwin Rafael, Maggiolino Aristide, Elghandour Mona M M Y, Rivas-Jacobo Marco Antonio, Ballesteros-Rodea Gilberto, Palo Pasquale De, Salem Abdelfattah Z M
Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, 78321 San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari A. Moro, 70010 Bari, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Feb 20;13(4):764. doi: 10.3390/ani13040764.
The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the impact of maize co-ensiling with increasing percentages of MOL forage on the kinetics of biogas, methane (CH), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen sulfide (HS) production, as well as the characteristics of ruminal fermentation and CH conversion efficiency, using steers (STI) and sheep (SHI) as inoculum sources. With the STI, the inclusion of MOL reduced (linear: ≤ 0.0199; quadratic: ≤ 0.0267) biogas production (mL g DM incubated and degraded), CH (mL g DM degraded), CO (mL g DM degraded), and HS (mL g DM incubated and degraded), without affecting ( > 0.05) the parameters ( = asymptotic gas, = rate of gas production and = initial delay time before gas production) of CH and HS, and the proportion and production of CH per kg of dry matter (DM). In addition, with this inoculum, pH, and dry matter degradation (DMD) increased (linear: ≤ 0.0060), and although short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and metabolizable energy (ME) decreased (linear: < 0.0001; quadratic: ≤ 0.0015), this did not affect ( > 0.05) the CH conversion efficiency. Meanwhile, with the SHI, the inclusion of MOL only decreased (linear: ≤ 0.0206; quadratic: ≤ 0.0003) biogas per dry matter (DM) degraded and increased (linear: ≤ 0.0293; quadratic: ≤ 0.0325) biogas per DM incubated, as well as the production (mL g DM incubated and degraded and g kg DM) and proportion of CH, and CO per DM incubated and degraded. In addition, it did not impact ( > 0.05) on the CH and HS parameters, and in the HS by DM incubated and degraded, and although it increased (linear: ≤ 0.0292; quadratic: ≤ 0.0325) the DMD, SCFA, and ME, it was inefficient (quadratic: ≤ 0.0041) in CH conversion. It is concluded that regardless of the percentage of MOL, the STI presented the highest values in the production of biogas, CH, HS, DMD, SCFA, and ME, and the lowest pH, so it turned out to be the most efficient in CH conversion, while with the SHI only the highest production of CO and pH was obtained, and the lowest DMD, SCFA, and ME, so it was less efficient compared to STI.
本实验的目的是评估随着莫能菌素（MOL）草料比例增加，玉米混合青贮对沼气、甲烷（CH₄）、一氧化碳（CO）和硫化氢（H₂S）产生动力学的影响，以及瘤胃发酵特性和CH₄转化效率，以阉牛（STI）和绵羊（SHI）作为接种源。对于STI，添加MOL降低了（线性：≤0.0199；二次曲线：≤0.0267）沼气产量（每克干物质孵育和降解产生的毫升数）、CH₄（每克干物质降解产生的毫升数）、CO（每克干物质降解产生的毫升数）和H₂S（每克干物质孵育和降解产生的毫升数），但不影响（>0.05）CH₄和H₂S的参数（=渐近气体，=气体产生速率，=气体产生前的初始延迟时间）以及每千克干物质（DM）中CH₄的比例和产量。此外，使用这种接种物时，pH值和干物质降解率（DMD）增加（线性：≤0.0060），尽管短链脂肪酸（SCFA）和代谢能（ME）降低了（线性：<0.0001；二次曲线：≤0.0015），但这并未影响（>0.05）CH₄转化效率。同时，对于SHI，添加MOL仅降低了（线性：≤0.0206；二次曲线：≤0.0003）每克干物质（DM）降解产生的沼气量，并增加了（线性：≤0.0293；二次曲线：≤0.0325）每克干物质孵育产生的沼气量，以及CH₄的产量（每克干物质孵育和降解产生的毫升数以及每千克DM中的克数）和每克干物质孵育和降解产生的CO的比例。此外，它对CH₄和H₂S参数以及每克干物质孵育和降解产生的H₂S没有影响（>0.05），尽管它增加了（线性：≤0.0292；二次曲线：≤0.0325）DMD、SCFA和ME，但在CH₄转化方面效率较低（二次曲线：≤0.0041）。结论是，无论MOL的比例如何，STI在沼气、CH₄、H₂S、DMD、SCFA和ME的产生方面具有最高值，pH值最低，因此在CH₄转化方面效率最高，而对于SHI，仅获得了最高的CO产量和pH值，以及最低的DMD、SCFA和ME，因此与STI相比效率较低。
