Ledwith Patrick J, Vishwanath Ashvin, Khalaf Eslam
Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2022 Apr 29;128(17):176404. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.176404.
We consider a family of twisted graphene multilayers consisting of n-untwisted chirally stacked layers, e.g., AB, ABC, etc, with a single twist on top of m-untwisted chirally stacked layers. Upon neglecting both trigonal warping terms for the untwisted layers and the same sublattice hopping between all layers, the resulting models generalize several remarkable features of the chiral model of twisted bilayer graphene (CTBG). In particular, they exhibit a set of magic angles which are identical to those of CTBG at which a pair of bands (i) are perfectly flat, (ii) have Chern numbers in the sublattice basis given by ±(n,-m) or ±(n+m-1,-1) depending on the stacking chirality, and (iii) satisfy the trace condition, saturating an inequality between the quantum metric and the Berry curvature, and thus realizing ideal quantum geometry. These are the first higher Chern bands that satisfy (iii) beyond fine-tuned models or combinations of Landau levels. We show that ideal quantum geometry is directly related to the construction of fractional quantum Hall model wave functions. We provide explicit analytic expressions for the flatband wave functions at the magic angle in terms of the CTBG wave functions. We also show that the Berry curvature distribution in these models can be continuously tuned while maintaining perfect quantum geometry. Similar to the study of fractional Chern insulators in ideal C=1 bands, these models pave the way for investigating exotic topological phases in higher Chern bands for which no Landau level analog is available.
我们考虑一族由n个未扭转的手性堆叠层(例如AB、ABC等)组成的扭曲石墨烯多层结构,在m个未扭转的手性堆叠层之上有一个单一扭转。在忽略未扭转层的三角翘曲项以及所有层之间相同子晶格跳跃的情况下,所得模型概括了扭曲双层石墨烯手性模型(CTBG)的几个显著特征。特别是,它们展现出一组与CTBG相同的魔角,在这些魔角处,一对能带(i)完全平坦,(ii)在子晶格基中具有由±(n, -m)或±(n + m - 1, -1)给出的陈数,这取决于堆叠手性,并且(iii)满足迹条件,使量子度量与贝里曲率之间的不等式饱和,从而实现理想的量子几何。这些是除了微调模型或朗道能级组合之外,首批满足(iii)的更高陈数能带。我们表明理想的量子几何与分数量子霍尔模型波函数的构造直接相关。我们根据CTBG波函数给出了魔角处平带波函数的显式解析表达式。我们还表明,在保持完美量子几何的同时,这些模型中的贝里曲率分布可以连续调节。类似于对理想C = 1能带中分数量子绝缘体的研究,这些模型为研究没有朗道能级类似物的更高陈数能带中的奇异拓扑相铺平了道路。