Kowalczuk Krystyna, Shpakou Andrei, Hermanowicz Justyna M, Krajewska-Kułak Elzbieta, Sobolewski Marek
Department of Integrated Medical Care, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
Department of Theory of Physical Culture and Sport Medicine, Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Grodno, Belarus.
Front Psychiatry. 2022 Apr 27;13:867148. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.867148. eCollection 2022.
Stress is an inseparable element of nurses' work. It is also the cause of wellbeing disorders and the source of various diseases. The wellbeing and health of nurses has a direct impact on the quality of care and health outcomes for patients. An appropriate stress coping strategy can reduce the impact of stress and mitigate its negative consequences. The COVID-19 pandemic, especially in its initial period, was a source of enormous additional stress for nurses. In Poland and Belarus: two neighboring countries with common history and similar culture, the authorities took a completely different approach to fighting the COVID-19 pandemic.
The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare how nurses in Poland and Belarus cope with stress during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The cross-sectional study was conducted among 284 nurses working in hospital in Bialystok, Poland (158) and in Grodno, Belarus (126). Mini-Cope inventory - the polish adaptation of Carver's BriefCope was used for measuring coping with stress.
Only 17.5% of Belarusian nurses were tested for the presence of the virus and only 4.8% were infected, while in Poland it was 50.6 and 31.0%, respectively. The most frequent used coping strategies were active strategies () and the least-used were avoidance strategies () in both countries. Polish nurses significantly more often than Belorussian used support-seeking/emotion-oriented strategies, as well as avoidance strategies. No differences were found for active coping strategies between the both groups. Contact with a patient infected with the SARS-CoV2 virus did not influence the choice of stress coping strategies by nurses in both countries. Staying in quarantine or home isolation favored more active coping strategies, especially in the case of Belarusian nurses. Taking a SARS-CoV-2 test did not statistically differentiate the choice of coping strategies in the Belarusian group. In the Polish group, nurses with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result used both and strategies less frequently. SARS-CoV-2 virus infection did not statistically differentiated how stressful situations were handled in Polish group.
Polish and Belorussian nurses used similar strategies to cope with stress in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. The social and demographic differences between Polish and Belorussian nurses differentiated the choice of coping strategies among the respondents to a greater extent than the completely different approach of the media and authorities to the COVID-19 pandemic in the two countries. The threat of the COVID-19 pandemic does not affect the choice of stress coping strategies by nurses in Poland and Belarus. Being in quarantine or home isolation favored the use of active coping strategies among Belorussian nurses. Polish nurses, on the other hand, were more likely to turn to religion after being quarantined.
压力是护士工作中不可分割的一部分。它也是幸福感紊乱的原因和各种疾病的根源。护士的幸福感和健康状况直接影响患者的护理质量和健康结果。适当的压力应对策略可以减少压力的影响并减轻其负面后果。新冠疫情，尤其是在其初期，给护士带来了巨大的额外压力。在波兰和白俄罗斯这两个有着共同历史和相似文化的邻国，当局在抗击新冠疫情方面采取了截然不同的方法。
本研究的目的是调查和比较波兰和白俄罗斯的护士在新冠疫情期间如何应对压力。
这项横断面研究在波兰比亚韦斯托克（158名）和白俄罗斯格罗德诺（126名）的医院工作的284名护士中进行。使用Mini-Cope量表（Carver的BriefCope量表的波兰语改编版）来测量压力应对情况。
只有17.5%的白俄罗斯护士接受了病毒检测，只有4.8%的护士被感染，而在波兰，这两个比例分别为50.6%和31.0%。在这两个国家，最常用的应对策略都是积极策略，最少使用的是回避策略。波兰护士比白俄罗斯护士更频繁地使用寻求支持/情绪导向型策略以及回避策略。两组在积极应对策略方面没有差异。与感染新冠病毒的患者接触并没有影响两国护士对压力应对策略的选择。处于隔离或居家隔离状态更倾向于采用积极的应对策略，尤其是对白俄罗斯护士而言。进行新冠病毒检测在白俄罗斯组中并没有在统计学上区分应对策略的选择。在波兰组中，新冠病毒检测呈阳性的护士较少使用积极和消极策略。新冠病毒感染在波兰组中并没有在统计学上区分对压力情境的处理方式。
面对新冠疫情，波兰和白俄罗斯的护士使用了相似的策略来应对压力。波兰和白俄罗斯护士之间的社会和人口统计学差异，比两国媒体和当局对新冠疫情采取的截然不同的方法，在更大程度上区分了受访者应对策略的选择。新冠疫情的威胁并没有影响波兰和白俄罗斯护士对压力应对策略的选择。处于隔离或居家隔离状态有利于白俄罗斯护士使用积极的应对策略。另一方面，波兰护士在被隔离后更倾向于求助于宗教。
