Munoz J J, Peacock M G, Hadlow W J
Infect Immun. 1987 Apr;55(4):1004-8. doi: 10.1128/iai.55.4.1004-1008.1987.
Sensitization of mice with 1 mg of bovine serum albumin (BSA) or chicken egg albumin (EA) given intraperitoneally and 300 to 400 ng of pertussigen (pertussis toxin [Ptx]) given intravenously (i.v.) induced a high degree of anaphylactic sensitivity when the mice were challenged i.v. with 1 mg of antigen 14 days later. Regardless of H-2 haplotype, all of the strains tested (CFW, BALB/cJ, DBA/2J, and C3H.SW/SnJ) were susceptible to anaphylaxis. Sensitization of mice by a multiple-dose procedure that has been reported to induce fatal encephalopathy in mice (L. Steinman, A. Weiss, N. Adelman, M. Lim, R. Zuniga, J. Oehlert, E. Hewlett, and S. Falkow, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82, 8733-8736, 1982) (1 mg of BSA on day -1, 100 to 400 ng of Ptx on day zero 1 mg of BSA on day +1, 100 to 400 ng of Ptx on day +2, and 1 mg of BSA on day +6) induced shock in BALB/cJ, DBA/2J, and C3H.SW/SnJ mice, but not in CFW mice. When EA was used instead of BSA, CFW, BALB/cJ, and C3H.SW/SnJ mice did not develop fatal shock, whereas DBA/2J mice did. When dose 3 of antigen (BSA or EA) was postponed to day +21, all mouse strains sensitized by the multiple-dose procedure were found to be susceptible to shock. The fatal shock induced by this procedure, as well as that induced by giving a single sensitizing dose of antigen and Ptx, could be prevented by one to three 1-ml doses of saline given i.v. at the time signs of severe shock appeared. Although only one dose of saline was often sufficient to save the mice, two or three doses were usually needed. Microscopic changes were not found in midsagittal sections of the brains of mice sensitized by either procedure. This was true of mice that died from shock or were saved from shock by injections of saline. From these results, we concluded that the proposed model for encephalopathy induced in mice by Ptx and BSA demonstrates only the well-known anaphylactogenic effect of Ptx or pertussis vaccine. Since there are many other more sensitive methods to detect Ptx, induction of anaphylaxis is not of much value for detection or quantitation of Ptx in pertussis vaccine.
给小鼠腹腔注射1mg牛血清白蛋白（BSA）或鸡卵白蛋白（EA），静脉注射300至400ng百日咳杆菌提取物（百日咳毒素[Ptx]）进行致敏，14天后给小鼠静脉注射1mg抗原时，可诱导高度的过敏敏感性。无论H-2单倍型如何，所有测试的品系（CFW、BALB/cJ、DBA/2J和C3H.SW/SnJ）都易发生过敏反应。通过一种已报道可在小鼠中诱发致命性脑病的多剂量程序对小鼠进行致敏（L. Steinman、A. Weiss、N. Adelman、M. Lim、R. Zuniga、J. Oehlert、E. Hewlett和S. Falkow，《美国国家科学院院刊》82，8733 - 8736，1982）（第 -1天注射1mg BSA，第0天注射100至400ng Ptx，第 +1天注射1mg BSA，第 +2天注射100至400ng Ptx，第 +6天注射1mg BSA），可使BALB/cJ、DBA/2J和C3H.SW/SnJ小鼠发生休克，但CFW小鼠不会。当用EA代替BSA时，CFW、BALB/cJ和C3H.SW/SnJ小鼠不会发生致命性休克，而DBA/2J小鼠会。当抗原（BSA或EA）的第3剂推迟到第 +21天，发现所有通过多剂量程序致敏的小鼠品系都易发生休克。在出现严重休克迹象时静脉注射一至三剂1ml生理盐水，可预防该程序诱导的致命性休克以及单次致敏剂量的抗原和Ptx诱导的休克。虽然通常一剂生理盐水就足以挽救小鼠，但通常需要两剂或三剂。通过这两种程序致敏的小鼠脑的矢状中切片未发现微观变化。死于休克或通过注射生理盐水从休克中挽救的小鼠都是如此。从这些结果中，我们得出结论，所提出的由Ptx和BSA在小鼠中诱发脑病的模型仅显示了Ptx或百日咳疫苗众所周知的过敏原性作用。由于有许多其他更敏感的方法来检测Ptx，过敏反应的诱导对于检测或定量百日咳疫苗中的Ptx没有太大价值。
