Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alkhartoom Square, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2022 May 16;12(1):8094. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-12265-7.
Marine algae have served as a treasure trove of structurally variable and biologically active metabolites. The present study emphasizes on UPLC-MS metabolites fingerprinting for the first systematic broad scale metabolites characterization of three different phyla of marine seaweeds; Ulva fasciata, Pterocladia capillacea and Sargassum hornschuchii along with Spirulina platensis harvested from the Mediterranean Sea. A total of 85 metabolites belonging to various classes including mostly fatty acids and their derivatives, terpenoids, amino acids and dipeptides with considerable amounts of polyphenolic compounds. OPLS-DA model offered a better overview of phylum-based discrimination rapidly uncovering the compositional heterogeneity in metabolite profiles of algae extracts. An OPLS model was constructed using the cytotoxic activities against PC3 and MDA-MB-231 tumor cells to succinctly screen cytotoxic discriminatory metabolites among the tested algae species. The coefficient plot revealed that unsaturated fatty acids as stearidonic acid and linolenic acid, terpenoids namely as rosmanol, campestanol, dipeptides primarily glutamylglycine, glycyltyrosine along with polyphenolic compounds being abundantly present in S. platensis and U. fasciata samples with relatively marked cytotoxic potential might be the significant contributors synergistically meditating their anti-proliferative activity against PC3 and MDA-MB-231 tumor cells. Such results serve as baseline for understanding the chemistry of these species and performing strict correlation between metabolite and activity where a lack of information in this regard is observed.
海洋藻类一直是结构多样且具有生物活性代谢物的宝库。本研究强调 UPLC-MS 代谢物指纹图谱，首次对来自地中海的三种不同门的海洋海藻（Ulvafasciata、Pterocladia capillacea 和 Sargassum hornschuchii）以及螺旋藻进行了系统的广泛规模代谢物特征描述。总共鉴定出 85 种代谢物，属于各种类别，包括大多数脂肪酸及其衍生物、萜类化合物、氨基酸和二肽，以及相当数量的多酚化合物。OPLS-DA 模型提供了更好的基于门的区分概述，快速揭示了海藻提取物代谢物图谱的组成异质性。使用对 PC3 和 MDA-MB-231 肿瘤细胞的细胞毒性活性构建 OPLS 模型，简洁地筛选测试海藻物种中的细胞毒性鉴别代谢物。系数图显示，不饱和脂肪酸如亚油酸和亚麻酸、萜类化合物如罗莎醇、菜油甾醇、二肽主要是谷氨酰甘氨酸、甘氨酰酪氨酸以及大量存在于 S. platensis 和 U. fasciata 样品中的多酚化合物可能是协同调节其对 PC3 和 MDA-MB-231 肿瘤细胞增殖活性的重要贡献者。这些结果为了解这些物种的化学性质以及在代谢物和活性之间进行严格的相关性提供了基础，而在这方面缺乏信息。
