Ecology, Evolution and Development Group, Department of Wetland Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC), 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
DNA Res. 2022 May 27;29(3). doi: 10.1093/dnares/dsac013.
Genomic resources for amphibians are still hugely under-represented in vertebrate genomic research, despite being a group of major interest for ecology, evolution and conservation. Amphibians constitute a highly threatened group of vertebrates, present a vast diversity in reproductive modes, are extremely diverse in morphology, occupy most ecoregions of the world, and present the widest range in genome sizes of any major group of vertebrates. We combined Illumina, Nanopore and Hi-C sequencing technologies to assemble a chromosome-level genome sequence for an anuran with a moderate genome size (assembly span 3.09 Gb); Pelobates cultripes, the western spadefoot toad. The genome has an N50 length of 330 Mb with 98.6% of the total sequence length assembled into 14 super scaffolds, and 87.7% complete BUSCO genes. We use published transcriptomic data to provide annotations, identifying 32,684 protein-coding genes. We also reconstruct the P. cultripes phylome and identify 2,527 gene expansions. We contribute the first draft of the genome of the western spadefoot toad, P. cultripes. This species represents a relatively basal lineage in the anuran tree with an interesting ecology and a high degree of developmental plasticity, and thus is an important resource for amphibian genomic research.
尽管两栖动物在生态学、进化和保护方面具有重要意义,但在脊椎动物基因组研究中,它们的基因组资源仍然严重不足。两栖动物是高度受威胁的脊椎动物群体,具有丰富的繁殖方式多样性,形态极其多样,占据了世界上大多数生态区,并且在基因组大小方面是所有主要脊椎动物群体中最广泛的。我们结合了 Illumina、Nanopore 和 Hi-C 测序技术,为一种中等大小基因组的蛙类(Pelobates cultripes,西方锄足蟾)组装了染色体水平的基因组序列。该基因组的组装跨度为 3.09Gb,N50 长度为 330Mb,总序列长度的 98.6%组装成 14 个超级支架,并且 87.7%完整的 BUSCO 基因。我们利用已发表的转录组数据进行注释,鉴定出 32684 个蛋白质编码基因。我们还重建了 P. cultripes 的系统发育基因组,并鉴定出 2527 个基因扩张。我们提供了西方锄足蟾的基因组草图,这是该物种的第一个基因组草图。该物种在蛙类树中代表了一个相对基础的谱系,具有有趣的生态学和高度的发育可塑性,因此是两栖动物基因组研究的重要资源。