Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício e Fisioterapia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Ciência da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.
Faculty of Physical Culture, Sports and Recreation, University Santo Tomás, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
Braz J Med Biol Res. 2022 May 16;55:e11916. doi: 10.1590/1414-431X2022e11916. eCollection 2022.
Here we investigated the effects of physical training on cardiovascular autonomic control and cardiac morphofunctional parameters in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) subjected to ovarian hormone deprivation. Forty-eight 10-week-old SHRs were divided into two groups: ovariectomized (OVX, n=24) and sham (SHAM, n=24). Half of each group (n=12) was trained by swimming for 12 weeks (OVX-T and SHAM-T). Cardiac morphology and functionality were assessed using echocardiography, and autonomic parameters were assessed using double pharmacological autonomic block, baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), and analyses of heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure variability (BPV). Ovariectomy did not influence the cardiac autonomic tonus balance unlike physical training, which favored greater participation of the vagal autonomic tonus. Ovariectomy and aerobic physical training did not modify HRV and BRS, unlike BPV, for which both methods reduced low-frequency oscillations, suggesting a reduction in sympathetic vascular modulation. Untrained ovariectomized animals showed a reduced relative wall thickness (RWT) and increased diastolic and systolic volumes and left ventricular diameters, resulting in increased stroke volume. Trained ovariectomized animals presented reduced posterior wall thickness and RWT as well as increased final diastolic diameter, left ventricular mass, and stroke volume. Ovarian hormone deprivation in SHRs promoted morphofunctional adaptations but did not alter the evaluation of cardiac autonomic parameters. In turn, aerobic physical training contributed to a more favorable cardiac autonomic balance to the vagal autonomic component and promoted morphological adaptations but had little effect on cardiac functionality.
在这里，我们研究了运动训练对去卵巢自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）心血管自主控制和心脏形态功能参数的影响。将 48 只 10 周龄 SHR 分为两组：去卵巢组（OVX，n=24）和假手术组（SHAM，n=24）。每组的一半（n=12）进行 12 周的游泳训练（OVX-T 和 SHAM-T）。使用超声心动图评估心脏形态和功能，使用双药物自主神经阻断、压力反射敏感性（BRS）以及心率变异性（HRV）和血压变异性（BPV）分析评估自主神经参数。与运动训练不同，去卵巢并不影响心脏自主神经张力平衡，而是促进了迷走神经自主张力的更大参与。去卵巢和有氧运动训练都没有改变 HRV 和 BRS，但 BPV 却有所不同，这两种方法都降低了低频振荡，提示交感血管调节减少。未经训练的去卵巢动物表现出相对壁厚度（RWT）降低，舒张和收缩容积以及左心室直径增加，导致心排量增加。未经训练的去卵巢动物的后壁厚度和 RWT 降低，最终舒张直径、左心室质量和心排量增加。SHR 中的卵巢激素剥夺促进了形态功能适应，但没有改变心脏自主神经参数的评估。相反，有氧运动训练有助于改善迷走神经自主成分的心脏自主平衡，并促进形态学适应，但对心脏功能影响不大。
