Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, United States.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, United States.
Addict Behav. 2022 Sep;132:107367. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107367. Epub 2022 May 14.
To examine the effects of sleep duration on next-day alcohol and cannabis craving and use among young adults.
A community sample of young adults who reported recent simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use at screening (N = 409; M = 21.61; 50.9% female) completed twice daily surveys (morning and afternoon) for five 14-day sampling bursts (i.e., 70 days total). Daily measurements included sleep duration, alcohol and cannabis craving, and alcohol and cannabis use (i.e., number of drinks, hours high). Multilevel models enabled examining associations between sleep duration and substance use/craving at three distinct levels: daily-level, burst-level, and person-level.
At the day-level, sleep duration was inversely associated with craving for both alcohol and cannabis: Stronger craving was reported on mornings and afternoons after relatively shorter sleep duration. At the burst-level, sleep duration was inversely associated with morning and afternoon alcohol craving indicating stronger alcohol craving, but not cannabis craving, during two-week periods when young adults have accumulated shorter sleep duration. Pertaining to alcohol and cannabis use, no daily-level effects were found, but the burst-level effect showed that participants engaged in greater alcohol use during two-week bursts with shorter sleep duration.
Based on a non-clinical sample of young adults reporting substance use, results suggest shorter sleep duration may be a modifiable risk factor as it pertains to substance use and cravings. Results highlight day-level effects of shorter sleep duration on substance use cravings and adverse effects of cumulative sleep deficit on alcohol use.
研究睡眠时间对年轻成年人次日酒精和大麻渴望和使用的影响。
一项社区样本调查了在筛查时报告最近同时使用酒精和大麻的年轻成年人（N=409；M=21.61；50.9%为女性），他们在五个为期 14 天的采样爆发期内（即 70 天）每天进行两次日常调查（早上和下午）。每日测量包括睡眠时间、酒精和大麻渴望程度以及酒精和大麻使用情况（即饮酒量、醉酒时间）。多层次模型允许在三个不同水平上检查睡眠时间与物质使用/渴望之间的关联：日常水平、爆发水平和个体水平。
在日常水平上，睡眠时间与酒精和大麻的渴望呈负相关：睡眠时间较短时，早上和下午的渴望程度更高。在爆发水平上，睡眠时间与早上和下午的酒精渴望呈负相关，表明在年轻人积累较短睡眠时间的两周期间，他们对酒精的渴望更强，但对大麻的渴望却没有那么强烈。关于酒精和大麻的使用，没有发现日常水平的影响，但爆发水平的影响表明，参与者在睡眠时间较短的两周爆发期内更多地饮酒。
基于报告物质使用的非临床年轻成年人样本，结果表明较短的睡眠时间可能是一个可改变的风险因素，因为它与物质使用和渴望有关。结果强调了睡眠时间较短对物质使用渴望的日常影响，以及累积睡眠不足对酒精使用的不利影响。
