一项每日研究比较了社区内年轻成年人样本中仅饮酒日和同时饮酒及吸食大麻日的与酒精相关的正性和负性后果。
A Daily Study Comparing Alcohol-Related Positive and Negative Consequences for Days With Only Alcohol Use Versus Days With Simultaneous Alcohol and Marijuana Use in a Community Sample of Young Adults.
机构信息
From the, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, (CML, CBF, JMC, DAA, AMF, MEL), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Institute for Translational Research in Children's Mental Health and Institute of Child Development, (MEP), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
出版信息
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2020 Mar;44(3):689-696. doi: 10.1111/acer.14279. Epub 2020 Feb 5.
BACKGROUND
Alcohol and marijuana are psychoactive substances commonly used by young adults and are independently associated with numerous acute and long-term consequences. Many young adults engage in simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) use to cross-fade (i.e., to enhance the effects of intoxication), although the extent to which alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences increase on SAM occasions compared to alcohol-only occasions is unclear. This study examines daily data among a sample of SAM users comparing SAM days to other days when young adults only used alcohol.
METHODS
A sample of 409 young adults (age 18 to 25; M = 21.6, SD = 2.2; 50.9% women) who reported SAM use in the past month completed 2 bursts of 14 days of daily surveys (28 days in total) assessing alcohol use, alcohol-related consequences, and SAM use.
RESULTS
Multilevel models based on alcohol-only and SAM days (n = 3,016 days; 391 individuals) indicated young adults drank more alcohol on SAM days compared to alcohol-only days (with no marijuana use). Similarly, days with SAM use were associated with more alcohol-related positive and negative consequences. The daily association between SAM use and positive consequences was statistically significant, after accounting for the amount of alcohol consumed; in contrast, the association between SAM use and negative consequences was diminished and nonsignificant.
CONCLUSIONS
Among young adult SAM users, days with SAM use were associated with more alcohol use and positive consequences compared to days they only drank alcohol. Further examination of the motivational context for engaging in SAM use, as well as potential physiological interactions between alcohol and marijuana use on alcohol's effects, is warranted. Alcohol interventions might benefit from addressing increased alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences as risks associated with SAM use.
背景
酒精和大麻是年轻人常用的两种精神活性物质，它们各自与许多急性和长期后果相关。许多年轻人同时使用酒精和大麻（SAM）来交叉缓解（即增强醉酒效果），尽管与仅使用酒精相比，SAM 时的酒精使用量和与酒精相关的后果增加的程度尚不清楚。本研究通过比较 SAM 用户的日常数据，在一个 SAM 用户样本中考察了在 SAM 日和年轻人仅使用酒精的其他日子里的情况。
方法
一个在过去一个月内报告有 SAM 使用史的 409 名年轻人（年龄 18 至 25 岁；M ＝21.6，SD ＝2.2；50.9%女性）完成了两波为期 14 天的每日调查（共 28 天），调查内容包括酒精使用、与酒精相关的后果和 SAM 使用情况。
结果
基于仅酒精和 SAM 日（n ＝3016 天；391 人）的多层模型表明，与仅使用酒精的日子相比，年轻人在 SAM 日饮酒量更多（没有使用大麻）。同样，使用 SAM 的日子与更多的与酒精相关的积极和消极后果相关。在考虑到所消耗的酒精量后，SAM 使用与积极后果之间的每日关联具有统计学意义；相比之下，SAM 使用与消极后果之间的关联减弱且不具有统计学意义。
结论
在年轻的 SAM 用户中，与仅饮酒的日子相比，SAM 使用日与更多的酒精使用和积极后果相关。进一步研究 SAM 使用的动机背景，以及酒精和大麻使用对酒精效果的潜在生理相互作用是有必要的。针对 SAM 使用的风险增加酒精使用量和与酒精相关的后果，可能会使酒精干预措施受益。
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