Immunogenetic Laboratory and Parasitology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali.
Department of Ministry of Health and Social Development, Hopital de Dermatologie de Bamako (HDB), Bamako, Mali.
Front Immunol. 2022 Apr 27;13:856033. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.856033. eCollection 2022.
Despite the global interest and the unprecedented number of scientific studies triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, few data are available from developing and low-income countries. In these regions, communities live under the threat of various transmissible diseases aside from COVID-19, including malaria. This study aims to determine the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seroreactivity of antibodies from COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19 samples of individuals in Mali (West Africa). Blood samples from COVID-19 patients (n = 266) at Bamako Dermatology Hospital (HDB) and pre-COVID-19 donors (n = 283) from a previous malaria survey conducted in Dangassa village were tested by ELISA to assess IgG antibodies specific to the full-length spike (S) protein, the receptor-binding domain (RBD), and the receptor-binding motif (RBM). Study participants were categorized by age, gender, treatment duration for COVID-19, and comorbidities. In addition, the cross-seroreactivity of samples from pre-COVID-19, malaria-positive patients against the three antigens was assessed. Recognition of the SARS-CoV-2 proteins by sera from COVID-19 patients was 80.5% for S, 71.1% for RBD, and 31.9% for RBM ( < 0.001). While antibody responses to S and RBD tended to be age-dependent, responses to RBM were not. Responses were not gender-dependent for any of the antigens. Higher antibody levels to S, RBD, and RBM at hospital entry were associated with shorter treatment durations, particularly for RBD ( < 0.01). In contrast, higher body weights negatively influenced the anti-S antibody response, and asthma and diabetes weakened the anti-RBM antibody responses. Although lower, a significant cross-reactive antibody response to S (21.9%), RBD (6.7%), and RBM (8.8%) was detected in the pre-COVID-19 and malaria samples. Cross-reactive antibody responses to RBM were mostly associated ( < 0.01) with the absence of current infection, warranting further study.
尽管 COVID-19 大流行引起了全球关注和前所未有的大量科学研究，但来自发展中国家和低收入国家的数据却很少。在这些地区，除了 COVID-19 之外，社区还面临着各种传染病的威胁，包括疟疾。本研究旨在确定来自马里（西非）的 COVID-19 和前 COVID-19 个体样本中的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）抗体的血清反应性。通过 ELISA 检测巴马科皮肤科医院（HDB）的 COVID-19 患者（n=266）和 Dangassa 村先前疟疾调查中的前 COVID-19 供体（n=283）的血液样本，以评估针对全长刺突（S）蛋白、受体结合域（RBD）和受体结合基序（RBM）的 IgG 抗体的特异性。根据年龄、性别、COVID-19 治疗持续时间和合并症对研究参与者进行分类。此外，还评估了前 COVID-19 和疟疾阳性患者样本对三种抗原的交叉血清反应性。来自 COVID-19 患者的血清对 SARS-CoV-2 蛋白的识别率分别为 S 蛋白 80.5%、RBD 蛋白 71.1%和 RBM 蛋白 31.9%（<0.001）。虽然 S 和 RBD 的抗体反应倾向于随年龄而变化，但 RBM 的反应并非如此。任何抗原的性别依赖性反应都没有。入院时 S、RBD 和 RBM 的抗体水平越高，治疗持续时间越短，特别是 RBD（<0.01）。相比之下，较高的体重会对抗 S 抗体反应产生负面影响，而哮喘和糖尿病会削弱抗 RBM 抗体反应。尽管较低，但在前 COVID-19 和疟疾样本中检测到针对 S（21.9%）、RBD（6.7%）和 RBM（8.8%）的显著交叉反应性抗体反应。RBM 的交叉反应性抗体反应主要与当前感染的缺失有关（<0.01），需要进一步研究。
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