Török Edina, Kéri Szabolcs
Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary.
Nyírő Gyula National Institute of Psychiatry and Addictions, Budapest, Hungary.
Front Psychol. 2022 May 2;13:682889. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.682889. eCollection 2022.
Individuals with high schizotypal traits are less able to observe, describe, and monitor inner feelings, thoughts, and experiences, commonly referred to as mindfulness and mentalization. High schizotypy is also associated with impaired working memory (WM). However, the relationship among mindfulness, mentalization, WM, and schizotypal traits is unknown. Three hundred individuals from the community (mean age: 38.0 years, = 10.5; 49.3% women) completed questionnaires examining schizotypal traits, mindfulness, and mentalization and performed working memory tasks. Results revealed that mentalization was a general predictor of schizotypal traits, including unusual experiences, cognitive disorganization, introverted anhedonia, and impulsive nonconformity, when the effect of mindfulness and working memory was controlled. We also found a positive correlation between mindfulness and mentalization. Low mindfulness and mentalization performances were associated with high schizotypy. However, poor working memory was only weakly linked to cognitive disorganization and introverted anhedonia. These findings suggest that weak mentalization is a core feature of schizotypy independent of mindfulness and working memory.
具有高度分裂型特质的个体在观察、描述和监控内心感受、想法及体验（通常称为正念和心理化）方面能力较差。高度分裂型特质还与工作记忆受损有关。然而，正念、心理化、工作记忆和分裂型特质之间的关系尚不清楚。300名来自社区的个体（平均年龄：38.0岁，标准差=10.5；49.3%为女性）完成了关于分裂型特质、正念和心理化的问卷调查，并进行了工作记忆任务。结果显示，在控制了正念和工作记忆的影响后，心理化是分裂型特质的一个普遍预测因素，包括异常体验、认知紊乱、内向性快感缺乏和冲动性不遵从。我们还发现正念与心理化之间存在正相关。低正念和心理化表现与高度分裂型特质相关。然而，较差的工作记忆仅与认知紊乱和内向性快感缺乏有微弱关联。这些发现表明，心理化薄弱是分裂型特质的一个核心特征，独立于正念和工作记忆。
