Santos Tiago, Uva António de Sousa, Rodrigues José Fernandes, Ferreira Regina, Monteiro Diogo, Hernández-Mendo Antonio, Rodrigues Filipe
Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Rio Maior, Portugal.
National School of Public Health, New University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
Front Psychol. 2022 May 2;13:838835. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.838835. eCollection 2022.
The recent pandemic and consequent lockdown had a substantial impact on mental health and optimism regarding the future. Previous research showed that levels of depression, anxiety, and stress had increased throughout the pandemic. Nonetheless, how individuals cope when faced with adversity may be associated with positive expectations regarding the future. A sample of 274 Portuguese workers (female = 54) with a mean age of 40.86 (SD = 0.70) and work experience of 19.68 years (SD = 12.07) met inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the proposed study. They represented a variety of working classes (i.e., arts, engineering, marketers, transportation and logistic, clerks, personal trainers, managers, lawyers, accountants, directors, journalism, health care). We investigated the associations between depression, stress, anxiety, adaptive and maladaptive coping, and optimism while controlling for working experience, gender, and work type. We found that depression was related to lower levels of optimism. However, for participants scoring high on adaptive coping and anxiety, higher scores of optimism were reported. Gender, work type, and experience did not significantly influence the results. These results provide evidence through which positive mental health can be promoted after the pandemic.
近期的疫情大流行以及随之而来的封锁措施对心理健康和对未来的乐观情绪产生了重大影响。先前的研究表明，在整个疫情期间，抑郁、焦虑和压力水平都有所上升。尽管如此，个体在面对逆境时的应对方式可能与对未来的积极期望有关。一个由274名葡萄牙工人组成的样本（女性54名），平均年龄为40.86岁（标准差=0.70），工作经验为19.68年（标准差=12.07），符合纳入标准并同意参与本研究。他们代表了各种工作类别（即艺术、工程、营销人员、运输与物流、职员、私人教练、经理、律师、会计师、董事、新闻、医疗保健）。我们在控制工作经验、性别和工作类型的同时，研究了抑郁、压力、焦虑、适应性和非适应性应对与乐观情绪之间的关联。我们发现，抑郁与较低的乐观水平有关。然而，对于在适应性应对和焦虑方面得分较高的参与者，报告的乐观得分也较高。性别、工作类型和工作经验对结果没有显著影响。这些结果为疫情后促进积极的心理健康提供了证据。
