Piñón-Blanco Adolfo, Vergara-Moragues Esperanza, Gutiérrez-Martínez Olga, Fernández-Palleiro Patricia, Rodrigues Sonia, Rodrigues-Amorím Daniela, Lage-López María Teresa, González-López Ana, Velasquez Teresa, Amorim Mónica, Lloves-Moratinos Manuel, Viéitez-Fernández Isabel, Sabio-Fernandez Gerardo, Graña-Torralba Rebeca, Vilar-Díaz Vanesa, Carrera-Machado Indalecio, Cancelo-Martinez Jesús, Ferreira Adelino, Cardoso Susana, Rivera-Baltanás Tania, Otero-Lamas Francisco, Olivares José Manuel, Spuch Carlos
Drug Dependency Assistance Unit of Vigo City Council (CEDRO), Vigo, Spain.
Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain.
Front Psychiatry. 2022 May 2;13:864511. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.864511. eCollection 2022.
Substance-related disorders (SRD) have been consistently associated with alterations both in cognitive and executive functions, which affect to patients' quality of life. The main objective of this work was to test the beneficial cognitive effects on patients with SRD after the implementation of "Trisquel," an intervention program in board game format. To check the effectiveness of Trisquel program, a group of people diagnosed with SRD was randomly assigned either to the experimental group or to the control group. The experimental group performed Trisquel structured sessions twice a week during 3 months, while the control group performed routinely conventional therapeutic activities with the same frequency and duration. Neuropsychological tests were done to both groups before and after the intervention. After the 3 months of intervention the experimental group showed the following statistically significant improvements for WAIS-III subtests: number key, symbol search, arithmetic, direct digits, inverse digits, total digits, letters-numbers in the processing speed index and in the working memory index. Regarding STROOP tests, statistically significant progress was observed in the phonetic fluency letter P, phonetic fluency letter M, phonetic fluency letter R subtests, word-reading and word-color subtests. The control group only obtained improvements for WAIS-III subtests of arithmetic, letters-numbers and in the working memory index. The results of this study confirm that "Trisquel" is an effective intervention program for people diagnosed with SRD, getting improvements in processing speed (psychomotor and reading), attentional subprocesses (focused and sustained) and executive functions (updating and inhibition).
物质相关障碍（SRD）一直与认知和执行功能的改变有关，这些改变会影响患者的生活质量。这项工作的主要目的是测试以棋盘游戏形式实施的“Trisquel”干预计划对SRD患者的有益认知效果。为了检验Trisquel计划的有效性，将一组被诊断为SRD的人随机分为实验组或对照组。实验组在3个月内每周进行两次Trisquel结构化课程，而对照组以相同的频率和持续时间进行常规传统治疗活动。在干预前后对两组进行神经心理学测试。经过3个月的干预，实验组在韦氏成人智力量表第三版（WAIS-III）子测试中显示出以下统计学上的显著改善：数字广度顺背、符号搜索、算术、数字广度正序、数字广度倒序、数字广度总分、加工速度指数和工作记忆指数中的字母-数字排序。关于斯特鲁普测试，在语音流畅性字母P、语音流畅性字母M、语音流畅性字母R子测试、单词阅读和单词-颜色子测试中观察到统计学上的显著进步。对照组仅在WAIS-III的算术、字母-数字排序和工作记忆指数子测试中取得了改善。这项研究的结果证实，“Trisquel”是一种对被诊断为SRD的人有效的干预计划，在加工速度（心理运动和阅读）、注意力子过程（集中和持续）和执行功能（更新和抑制）方面都有改善。
