Department of Psychology and Anthropology, University of Extremadura, 06006, Badajoz, Spain.
Department of Educational Sciences, University of Extremadura, 06006, Badajoz, Spain.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2023 Mar;273(2):427-438. doi: 10.1007/s00406-022-01422-8. Epub 2022 May 19.
Malingering consists of the production of false physical or psychological symptoms motivated by external incentives that are normally reproduced in pathologies that are not related to organic origin or there are no laboratory tests for their diagnosis, as is the case of mixed anxiety-depressive disorder and fibromyalgia syndrome. The objective of this research consisted of comparing the profile of simulative patients with fibromyalgia and mixed anxiety-depressive disorder to obtain a profile and facilitate its detection in initial interviews. The research was carried out with 78 patients (42 patients with fibromyalgia and 36 patients with mixed anxiety-depressive disorder) who were administered the professional's structured clinical judgment, the Beck Depression Inventory, the State-Trait Anxiety Questionnaire, and the Structured Symptom Simulation Inventory. The main obtained results show that the simulation classification proposed by the questionnaire is in the range of 66.67-80% with regard to coinciding with the judgment of experts, and people with suspicion of simulation of both groups of patients present similar characteristics. The simulators thus present incongruous responses in relation to the questionnaires, and high levels of trait anxiety, state, and depression predict the simulation of symptoms.
装病是指由于外部激励而产生虚假的身体或心理症状，这些症状通常与非器质性疾病或无法通过实验室测试进行诊断的疾病有关，如混合焦虑抑郁障碍和纤维肌痛综合征。本研究的目的是比较纤维肌痛和混合焦虑抑郁障碍模拟患者的特征，以获得特征并在初始访谈中便于检测。研究共纳入 78 名患者（42 名纤维肌痛患者和 36 名混合焦虑抑郁障碍患者），对他们进行了专业的临床结构化判断、贝克抑郁量表、状态特质焦虑问卷和结构化症状模拟量表的测试。主要研究结果表明，问卷提出的模拟分类与专家判断的吻合率在 66.67%-80%之间，且两组疑似模拟患者的特征相似。因此，模拟者对问卷的回答不一致，特质焦虑、状态焦虑和抑郁程度高预示着症状的模拟。
