蔬菜和水果摄入量、模式与认知功能：中国安徽老年人的横断面研究结果。

Vegetable and Fruit Intake, Its Patterns, and Cognitive Function: Cross-Sectional Findings among Older Adults in Anhui, China.

机构信息

Prof. Shen Guodong, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 17-Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China (E-mail:

出版信息

J Nutr Health Aging. 2022;26(5):529-536. doi: 10.1007/s12603-022-1791-y.

DOI:10.1007/s12603-022-1791-y

PMID:35587767

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To examine the associations of vegetable and fruit intake frequency, its patterns, and cognition among older Chinese adults.

DESIGN

Cross-sectional data obtained from the Anhui Province Healthy Longevity Survey.

SETTING

Urban and rural communities.

PARTICIPANTS

A total of 5410 older adults (aged 60 or older) were included from selected communities.

MEASUREMENTS

Data on the number of days in a typical week that vegetables and fruits were consumed were collected, and the four intake patterns were defined (V+/F+: daily intake of both vegetables and fruit; V+/F- or V-/F+: daily intake of vegetables or fruit; and V-/F-: no daily intake of either vegetables or fruit). Cognitive function was measured using the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE), and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was defined according to education-specific criteria.

RESULTS

Nondaily vegetable intake was associated with lower MMSE scores (β = -0.763, 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.463, -0.064) among males and a higher likelihood of having MCI (OR: 1.409, 95% CI: 1.037, 1.915) among females. Less frequent intake of fruit was associated with lower MMSE scores and a higher prevalence of MCI among both males and females (p for trends < 0.001 for both sexes). Compared with the V+/F+ group, male participants who were classified into the V+/F- and V-/F- groups had lower MMSE scores (V+/F-: β = -0.612, 95% CI: -1.094, -0.131; V-/F-: β = -1.273, 95% CI: -2.090, -0.455). Females classified in the V+/F- and V-/F- patterns had lower MMSE scores (V+/F-: β = -0.862, 95% CI: -1.320, -0.404; V-/F-: β = -1.293, 95% CI: -2.079, -0.507) and elevated risks of MCI (V+/F-: OR: 1.762, 95% CI: 1.386, 2.242; V-/F-: OR: 2.180, 95% CI: 1.505, 3.156).

CONCLUSION

Lower vegetable or fruit intake was associated with poorer cognitive performance among males and females, and the risk was even higher among those with a low intake of both vegetables and fruits. Healthy eating habits, including daily vegetable and fruit intake, are essential for cognition maintenance in both males and females.

摘要

目的

探讨中国老年人蔬菜和水果摄入量、模式与认知之间的关系。

设计

横断面数据来自安徽省健康长寿调查。

地点

城乡社区。

参与者

共纳入来自选定社区的 5410 名老年人（年龄 60 岁或以上）。

测量

采集了典型周内蔬菜和水果的食用天数数据，并定义了四种摄入模式（V+/F+：每天同时摄入蔬菜和水果；V+/F-或 V-/F+：每天摄入蔬菜或水果；V-/F-：每天不摄入任何蔬菜或水果）。认知功能采用简易精神状态检查（MMSE）进行测量，根据教育特定标准定义轻度认知障碍（MCI）。

结果

男性中，非每日蔬菜摄入与 MMSE 评分较低（β=-0.763，95%置信区间（CI）：-1.463，-0.064）相关，女性中，非每日水果摄入与 MCI 风险较高（OR：1.409，95%CI：1.037，1.915）相关。水果摄入频率较低与男性和女性的 MMSE 评分较低以及 MCI 患病率较高均相关（两性均趋势 P<0.001）。与 V+/F+组相比，男性中被归类为 V+/F-和 V-/F-组的参与者的 MMSE 评分较低（V+/F-：β=-0.612，95%CI：-1.094，-0.131；V-/F-：β=-1.273，95%CI：-2.090，-0.455）。女性中被归类为 V+/F-和 V-/F-模式的参与者的 MMSE 评分较低（V+/F-：β=-0.862，95%CI：-1.320，-0.404；V-/F-：β=-1.293，95%CI：-2.079，-0.507）且 MCI 风险较高（V+/F-：OR：1.762，95%CI：1.386，2.242；V-/F-：OR：2.180，95%CI：1.505，3.156）。