Huang Liang, Hong Zixuan, Guo Ying, Song Wenjin, Huang Jiawei, Cao Wenwen, Cao Chenglin, Chen Ren, Bai Zhongliang
Department of Medical Affairs Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
Clin Interv Aging. 2025 May 10;20:587-596. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S515094. eCollection 2025.
There is a lack of research on how vegetable and fruit consumption patterns affect cognitive function in older adults with varying BMIs. Therefore, this study aims to explore their relationship, with a special focus on gender differences.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Anhui Province, China, between July and September 2019, and information was collected from 6211 participants regarding socio-demographics, the frequency of vegetable and fruit consumption per week, and cognitive function. The study utilized descriptive analysis and binary logistic regression to determine the association between cognitive function and consumption patterns of vegetable and fruit.
There were no statistically significant associations between vegetable and fruit consumption patterns and cognitive function in underweight and obese older adults. Among normal weight men, older adults in the V+/F- (AOR=1.65; 95% CI: 1.16-2.35) and V-/F- (AOR=3.95; 95% CI: 1.86-8.42) groups were more likely to have cognitive impairment compared with the V+/F+ group. However, no associations were observed between the two in women of normal weight. For the overweight women, a higher risk of cognitive impairment was found in the V+/F- group (AOR=1.54; 95% CI: 1.12-2.11), while older men did not.
The correlation between vegetable and fruit consumption patterns and cognitive function varies among older adults with different BMIs. Findings suggest the need for targeted nutritional interventions for these communities to maintain cognitive function in older adults.
关于不同体重指数（BMI）的老年人蔬菜和水果消费模式如何影响认知功能的研究较少。因此，本研究旨在探讨它们之间的关系，特别关注性别差异。
2019年7月至9月在中国安徽省进行了一项横断面调查，收集了6211名参与者的社会人口统计学信息、每周蔬菜和水果消费频率以及认知功能信息。该研究采用描述性分析和二元逻辑回归来确定认知功能与蔬菜和水果消费模式之间的关联。
体重过轻和肥胖的老年人中，蔬菜和水果消费模式与认知功能之间无统计学显著关联。在体重正常的男性中，与蔬菜和水果均大量摄入（V+/F+）组相比，蔬菜大量摄入/水果少量摄入（V+/F-，比值比[AOR]=1.65；95%置信区间[CI]：1.16 - 2.35）和蔬菜少量摄入/水果少量摄入（V-/F-，AOR = 3.95；95% CI：1.86 - 8.42）组的老年人更易出现认知障碍。然而，体重正常的女性中未观察到两者之间的关联。对于超重女性，蔬菜大量摄入/水果少量摄入（V+/F-）组认知障碍风险更高（AOR = 1.54；95% CI：1.12 - 2.11），而老年男性则不然。
不同BMI的老年人中，蔬菜和水果消费模式与认知功能之间的相关性各不相同。研究结果表明需要针对这些人群进行有针对性的营养干预，以维持老年人的认知功能。
