The interplay between father-adolescent phenotypic resemblance and interparental conflict in predicting harsh discipline.

Phenotypic resemblance refers to the degree of physical and behavioral similarity between parent and child. Evolutionary approaches to the determinants of parenting have consistently found father-child phenotypic resemblance to serve as a risk factor for harsh discipline, but we still know little about the mechanisms underlying these associations. To address this gap in the literature, the present study employed a mediated moderation model to understand how interparental conflict and dysfunctional child-oriented attributions for children's misbehavior can help explain associations between father-child phenotypic resemblance and harsh discipline during the period of adolescence. Participants included 151 parents of adolescents ( = 12.3, range = 12-14) recruited from a northeastern region in the United States. Fathers reported on father-child phenotypic resemblance, interparental conflict, dysfunctional child-oriented attributions, and harsh discipline. Structural equation modeling analyses revealed a significant moderating role of interparental conflict in amplifying associations between phenotypic resemblance and harsh discipline in a for-better-and-for-worse manner over a 1-year period. In support of mediated moderation, we further found that the interaction between phenotypic resemblance and interparental conflict in predicting harsh discipline was partially accounted for by increases in dysfunctional child-oriented attributions over a 1-year period, which in turn, was associated with harsh discipline concurrently. Findings are discussed within evolutionary and developmental frameworks. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).