Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Department of Geography, Remote Sensing Laboratories, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
Science. 2022 May 20;376(6595):865-868. doi: 10.1126/science.abm6363. Epub 2022 May 19.
Multispecies tree planting has long been applied in forestry and landscape restoration in the hope of providing better timber production and ecosystem services; however, a systematic assessment of its effectiveness is lacking. We compiled a global dataset of matched single-species and multispecies plantations to evaluate the impact of multispecies planting on stand growth. Average tree height, diameter at breast height, and aboveground biomass were 5.4, 6.8, and 25.5% higher, respectively, in multispecies stands compared with single-species stands. These positive effects were mainly the result of interspecific complementarity and were modulated by differences in leaf morphology and leaf life span, stand age, planting density, and temperature. Our results have implications for designing afforestation and reforestation strategies and bridging experimental studies of biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships with real-world practices.
多物种造林长期以来一直应用于林业和景观恢复，以期提供更好的木材生产和生态系统服务；然而，其有效性缺乏系统评估。我们编制了一个全球匹配的单物种和多物种人工林数据集，以评估多物种种植对林分生长的影响。与单物种林分相比，多物种林分的平均树高、胸径和地上生物量分别高出 5.4%、6.8%和 25.5%。这些积极影响主要是种间互补的结果，并受到叶片形态和叶片寿命、林龄、种植密度和温度差异的调节。我们的研究结果对设计造林和再造林策略以及弥合生物多样性-生态系统功能关系的实验研究与实际应用具有重要意义。
