Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Jul;29(32):48233-48249. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-20844-4. Epub 2022 May 19.
An increasing number of studies investigated the association between air pollution during pregnancy and the risk of eczema in offspring. However, no meta-analysis has confirmed the existence and size of their association to date. We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases to select the observational controlled studies published from the inception date to October 16, 2021. Quality evaluation was guided by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Sensitivity analysis was applied to assess the impact of each included study on the combined effects, and publication bias was examined by Begg's tests and Egger's tests. A total of 12 articles involving 69,374 participants met our eligibility criteria. A significant association between the maternal exposure to NO (per 10 μg/m increased) and childhood eczema was observed, with a pooled risk estimate of 1.13 (95% CI: 1.06-1.19), but no association was observed between exposure to PM, PM, and SO and the risk of eczema in offspring. Besides, the effect of maternal NO exposure on childhood eczema was significant in the first and second trimesters, but not in the third trimester. There was notable variability in geographic location (p = 0.037) and air pollutant concentration (p = 0.031) based on meta-regression. Our findings indicated that prenatal exposure to NO was a risk factor for elevated risk of eczema in childhood, especially in the first and second trimesters. Further studies with larger sample sizes considering different constituents of air pollution and various exposure windows are needed to validate these associations.
越来越多的研究调查了怀孕期间的空气污染与后代湿疹风险之间的关联。然而，迄今为止，尚无荟萃分析证实其存在和大小。我们系统地搜索了 PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library 和 Embase 数据库，以选择从成立日期到 2021 年 10 月 16 日发表的观察性对照研究。质量评估由纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表（NOS）指导。进行敏感性分析以评估每个纳入研究对综合效应的影响，并通过 Begg 检验和 Egger 检验检查发表偏倚。共有 12 篇涉及 69374 名参与者的文章符合我们的入选标准。观察到母体接触 NO（每增加 10μg/m）与儿童湿疹之间存在显著关联，汇总风险估计值为 1.13（95%CI：1.06-1.19），但未观察到 PM、PM 和 SO 暴露与后代湿疹风险之间存在关联。此外，母体 NO 暴露对儿童湿疹的影响在第一和第二个三个月显著，但在第三个三个月不显著。基于荟萃回归，地理位置（p=0.037）和空气污染物浓度（p=0.031）存在显著可变性。我们的研究结果表明，产前接触 NO 是儿童湿疹风险增加的危险因素，尤其是在第一和第二个三个月。需要进一步开展具有更大样本量的研究，考虑到空气污染的不同成分和各种暴露窗口，以验证这些关联。
