Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.
PLoS One. 2022 May 19;17(5):e0267953. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267953. eCollection 2022.
Young psychoactive substance users exhibit high-risk behaviours such as unprotected sexual intercourse, and sharing needles and syringes, which increases their risk of Hepatitis B infection. However, there is limited evidence of screening, and vaccination status of this subgroup. The aim of this study was to establish the predictors of screening and completion of the hepatitis B vaccination schedule.
A cross-sectional study using respondent driven sampling was used to enrol respondents from twelve out of fifty-seven informal settlements in Kampala city. Data were collected using an electronic structured questionnaire uploaded on the KoboCollect mobile application, and analysed using Stata version 14. A "modified" Poisson regression analysis was done to determine the predictors of screening while logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule.
About 13.3% (102/768) and 2.7% (21/768) of the respondents had ever screened for Hepatitis B, and completed the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule respectively. Being female (aPR 1.61, 95% CI: 1.11-2.33), earning a monthly income >USD 136 (aPR 1.78, 95% CI: 1.11-2.86); completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule (aPR 1.85, 95% CI: 1.26-2.70); lack of awareness about the recommended Hepatitis B vaccine dose (aPR 0.43, 95% CI: 0.27-0.68); and the belief that the Hepatitis B vaccine is effective in preventing Hepatitis B infection (aPRR 3.67, 95% CI: 2.34-5.73) were associated with "ever screening" for Hepatitis B. Knowledge of the recommended Hepatitis B vaccine dose (aOR 0.06, 95% CI: 0.01-0.35); "ever screening" for hepatitis B (aOR 9.68, 95% CI: 2.17-43.16) and the belief that the hepatitis B vaccine is effective in preventing Hepatitis B infection (aOR 11.8, 95% CI: 1.13-110.14) were associated with completion of the hepatitis B vaccination schedule.
Our findings indicate a low prevalence of Hepatitis B screening and completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule among young psychoactive substance users in informal settings. It is evident that lack of awareness about Hepatitis B is associated with the low screening and vaccination rates. We recommend creation of awareness of Hepatitis B among young people in urban informal settlements.
年轻的精神活性物质使用者表现出高风险行为，如无保护性行为，以及共用针具和注射器，这增加了他们感染乙型肝炎的风险。然而，对于这一亚组人群的筛查和疫苗接种情况，证据有限。本研究的目的是确定筛查和完成乙型肝炎疫苗接种计划的预测因素。
采用横断面研究，使用受访者驱动抽样方法，从坎帕拉市 57 个非正规住区中的 12 个住区招募受访者。使用电子结构问卷通过 KoboCollect 移动应用程序收集数据，并使用 Stata 版本 14 进行分析。采用“改良”泊松回归分析确定筛查的预测因素，采用逻辑回归确定乙型肝炎疫苗接种计划完成情况的预测因素。
约 13.3%（102/768）和 2.7%（21/768）的受访者曾接受过乙型肝炎筛查，分别完成了乙型肝炎疫苗接种计划。女性（aPR 1.61，95%CI：1.11-2.33）、月收入超过 136 美元（aPR 1.78，95%CI：1.11-2.86）；完成乙型肝炎疫苗接种计划（aPR 1.85，95%CI：1.26-2.70）；缺乏对推荐乙型肝炎疫苗剂量的认识（aPR 0.43，95%CI：0.27-0.68）；以及对乙型肝炎疫苗有效预防乙型肝炎感染的信念（aPRR 3.67，95%CI：2.34-5.73）与“曾筛查”乙型肝炎有关。对推荐的乙型肝炎疫苗剂量的了解（aOR 0.06，95%CI：0.01-0.35）；“曾筛查”乙型肝炎（aOR 9.68，95%CI：2.17-43.16）和对乙型肝炎疫苗有效预防乙型肝炎感染的信念（aOR 11.8，95%CI：1.13-110.14）与乙型肝炎疫苗接种计划的完成有关。
我们的研究结果表明，在非正规环境中，年轻的精神活性物质使用者中乙型肝炎的筛查和接种率均较低。缺乏对乙型肝炎的认识与低筛查和低接种率有关。我们建议在城市非正规住区提高年轻人对乙型肝炎的认识。
