DeWAAL Caroline Smith, Okoruwa Augustine, Yalch Teale, McCLAFFERTY Bonnie
Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition, 1201 Connecticut Avenue N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036, USA.
J Food Prot. 2022 Aug 1;85(8):1148-1156. doi: 10.4315/JFP-22-052.
Traditional food markets frequently have inadequate infrastructure, limited access to potable water, unsanitary conditions, and inadequate storage facilities, making them especially risky places for the growth and spread of foodborne pathogens. Traditional markets also often lack effective government oversight. Government programs are important for providing a foundation to manage food safety by setting and enforcing minimum food safety and quality standards and by establishing uniform standards for the conduct of food businesses. Four regional guidelines developed by the Codex Alimentarius to improve the safety of street-vended food were examined for their application to traditional food markets. These guidelines provide important standards that can be used to improve food safety in traditional food markets in many countries, including advice to governments and market authorities in the areas of policy and regulation, infrastructure, food handling, vendor health and hygiene, and training and education. The guidelines can be supplemented with additional material from the World Health Organization and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. However, given the gaps identified in the individual regional guidelines, a uniform international standard is needed for national, regional, and local governments to use when managing food safety in traditional markets.
传统食品市场往往基础设施不足，获得饮用水的机会有限，卫生条件差，储存设施不完善，这使得它们成为食源性病原体滋生和传播的特别危险场所。传统市场通常也缺乏有效的政府监管。政府计划对于通过制定和执行最低食品安全和质量标准以及为食品企业经营建立统一标准来为食品安全管理奠定基础非常重要。对食品法典委员会制定的四项旨在改善街头食品安全性的区域指南在传统食品市场中的应用进行了审查。这些指南提供了重要标准，可用于改善许多国家传统食品市场的食品安全，包括在政策法规、基础设施、食品处理、摊贩健康与卫生以及培训教育等方面向政府和市场管理部门提供建议。这些指南可以用世界卫生组织和联合国粮食及农业组织的其他材料加以补充。然而，鉴于各区域指南中发现的差距，国家、区域和地方政府在管理传统市场食品安全时需要一个统一的国际标准。
