German Aerospace Center, Institute of Robotics and Mechatronics, 82234, Wessling, Germany.
Sensor-Technik Wiedemann GmbH, 87600, Kaufbeuren, Germany.
Appl Ergon. 2022 Sep;103:103791. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103791. Epub 2022 May 16.
Sensorimotor performance is known to deteriorate during spaceflight. Prior research for instance documented that targeted arm motions are performed slower and less precise in microgravity conditions. This article describes an experiment on aiming performance during different stages of a space mission. Moreover, the influence of different haptic settings of the human-machine interface (HMI) was explored. Two separate studies are presented in which the same aiming tasks were performed with a force feedback joystick: 1) A terrestrial study (N = 20) to explore time and haptic setting effects and 2) a space experiment (N = 3) with a pre-mission session, three mission sessions on board the ISS (2, 4, and 6 weeks in space), and a post-mission session. Results showed that sensorimotor performance was mainly affected in the initial phase of exposure to microgravity and this effect was moderated by astronauts' sensorimotor skills. Providing low stiffness at the HMI, however, proved to be an effective measure to maintain aiming precision in microgravity.
据了解，在太空飞行过程中，感觉运动表现会恶化。例如，先前的研究记录表明，在微重力条件下，目标手臂运动的速度较慢且精度较低。本文描述了一项针对太空任务不同阶段瞄准性能的实验。此外，还探索了人机界面 (HMI) 的不同触觉设置的影响。本文呈现了两项使用力反馈操纵杆进行相同瞄准任务的独立研究：1）一项地面研究（N=20），旨在探索时间和触觉设置的影响；2）一项太空实验（N=3），包含一次飞行前会议、三次国际空间站任务会议（飞行中 2、4 和 6 周）和一次飞行后会议。结果表明，感觉运动表现主要受到暴露于微重力初始阶段的影响，而这种影响受到宇航员感觉运动技能的调节。然而，在 HMI 中提供低刚性被证明是在微重力环境下保持瞄准精度的有效措施。
