School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Waste Manag. 2022 Jun 1;146:106-118. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.05.002. Epub 2022 May 16.
The thermal treatment of sewage sludge has gained much interest in recent years, as exemplified by the 269 papers found in the scientific literature for the period 2010-2021. We identified 140 datasets in 57 papers presenting inventory data related to mass flows, energy and emissions for the incineration, gasification and pyrolysis of sewage sludge. Sewage sludge incineration (excess oxygen, 850-950 ℃) is an established technology; however, data on flue gas cleaning and air emissions are scarce. The recovery of energy is close to the amount of energy used for incinerating dried sludge (0.2 kWh/kg TS), while dewatered sludge incineration uses more energy (1-2 kWh/kg TS) than what can be recovered. Sewage sludge gasification (limited oxygen, 650-950 ℃) is an experimental technology with four outputs (kg/kg sludge TS): char 0.43, tar 0.02, fly ash 0.06 and syngas 0.53. The data vary significantly in this regard, suggesting than many factors affect the performance of the gasification process. Sewage sludge pyrolysis (no oxygen, 400-800 ℃) is an experimental technology with five outputs (kg/kg sludge TS): char 0.53, tar 0.21, water < 0.05, fly ash set to zero and syngas 0.21. The values are somewhat different for digested sludge. Energy consumption for the pyrolysis of sewage sludge cannot be estimated from the literature. The current literature provides useful data on the main flows of thermal technologies, although large variations are in evidence. However, data are limited on energy consumption and recovery in general, and they are scarce on direct emissions to the air from incineration.
近年来，污水污泥的热处理引起了广泛关注，例如，在 2010 年至 2021 年期间的科学文献中，就发现了 269 篇相关论文。我们在 57 篇论文中确定了 140 个数据集，这些论文提供了与污水污泥焚烧、气化和热解相关的质量流、能量和排放的清单数据。污水污泥焚烧（过量氧气，850-950℃）是一种成熟的技术；然而，关于烟气净化和空气排放的数据却很少。能量回收接近用于焚烧干污泥的能量（0.2kWh/kgTS），而脱水污泥焚烧消耗的能量（1-2kWh/kgTS）超过了可回收的能量。污水污泥气化（有限氧气，650-950℃）是一种实验性技术，有四个输出物（kg/kg 污泥 TS）：0.43 炭、0.02 焦油、0.06 飞灰和 0.53 合成气。在这方面，数据差异很大，表明许多因素影响气化过程的性能。污水污泥热解（无氧，400-800℃）是一种实验性技术，有五个输出物（kg/kg 污泥 TS）：0.53 炭、0.21 焦油、<0.05 水、飞灰设定为零和 0.21 合成气。消化污泥的数值略有不同。无法从文献中估算污水污泥热解的能耗。目前的文献提供了有关热技术主要流量的有用数据，尽管存在很大差异。然而，关于能耗和回收的总体数据有限，关于焚烧向空气中的直接排放的数据则很少。
