Halalsheh M, Shatanawi K, Shawabkeh R, Kassab G, Mohammad H, Adawi M, Ababneh S, Abdullah A, Ghantous N, Balah N, Almomani S
Water, Energy and Environment Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Civil Engineering Department, School of Engineering, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Heliyon. 2024 Mar 27;10(7):e28030. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28030. eCollection 2024 Apr 15.
Environmental challenges related to sewage sludge call for urgent sustainable management of this resource. Sludge pyrolysis might be considered as a sustainable technology and is anticipated to support measures for mitigating climate change through carbon sequestration. The end products of the process have various applications, including the agricultural utilization of biochar, as well as the energy exploitation of bio-oil and syngas. In this research, sewage sludge was pyrolyzed at 500 °C, 600 °C, 750 °C, and 850 °C. At each temperature, pyrolysis was explored at 1hr, 2hrs, and 3hrs residence times. The ratio (H/C) was tapped to imply organic carbon stability and carbon sequestration potential. Optimum operating conditions were achieved at 750 °C and 2hrs residence time. Produced biochar had (H/C) ratio of 0.54, while nutrients' contents based on dry weight were 3.99%, 3.2%, and 0.6% for total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and total potassium (TK), respectively. Electrical conductivity of biochar was lesser than the feed sludge. Heavy metals in biochar aligned with the recommended values of the International Biochar Initiative. Heat content of condensable and non-condensable volatiles was sufficient to maintain the temperature of the furnace provided that PYREG process is considered. However, additional energy source is demanded for sludge drying.
与污水污泥相关的环境挑战要求对这种资源进行紧急的可持续管理。污泥热解可被视为一种可持续技术，预计将通过碳固存来支持缓解气候变化的措施。该过程的最终产物有多种用途，包括生物炭的农业利用以及生物油和合成气的能源开发。在本研究中，污水污泥在500℃、600℃、750℃和850℃下进行热解。在每个温度下，分别在1小时、2小时和3小时的停留时间下探索热解情况。利用（H/C）比来表示有机碳稳定性和碳固存潜力。在750℃和2小时停留时间下实现了最佳操作条件。产生的生物炭的（H/C）比为0.54，以干重计，总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）和总钾（TK）的养分含量分别为3.99%、3.2%和0.6%。生物炭的电导率低于进料污泥。生物炭中的重金属符合国际生物炭倡议组织的推荐值。如果考虑PYREG工艺，可凝性和不可凝性挥发物的热含量足以维持炉温。然而，污泥干燥需要额外的能源。
