Márquez-Lameda Rossmary D
Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University-Bloomington, 1025 E. 7th Street, SPH 116, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
J Migr Health. 2022 Apr 13;5:100107. doi: 10.1016/j.jmh.2022.100107. eCollection 2022.
Over 6 million migrants and refugees from Venezuela have left their country in the past decade; 1 million of them reside in Peru. Venezuelan migrant and refugee women are known to have limited access to sexual and reproductive health care services (SRHS) and contraceptive usage. To date, research to understand factors influencing access to those services is limited. This study aims to determine which enabling and predisposing factors influence Venezuelan migrant and refugee women's access to SRHS and contraceptive usage.
This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of the first survey administered to the Venezuelan population residing in the Peru in 2018. The survey covered six cities in the country (Metropolitan Lima, Callao, Tumbes, Cusco, Trujillo, Arequipa). The sample for the study included Venezuelan migrant women of reproductive age (15-49 years old). Anderson's Behavior Model of Health Services is the conceptual framework of the investigation. Logistic regression models were fit to examine the relationship between different predisposing and enabling factors and women's access to SRHS and contraceptive usage.
The sample size includes a total of 3378 Venezuelan women of reproductive age. 50.7% of the women were between the ages of 21-30 and over 90.6% of the sample were residing in Metropolitan Lima. Only 20.2% of the women reported they had access to modern contraceptives. Results from the study suggest having insurance, residing in Trujillo, and having a higher socio-economic status were associated with more access to certain sexual reproductive health care services and contraceptive usage.
This study identified different predisposing and enabling factors relevant to the access to SRHS and contraceptive usage. Difference in access and usage are particularly pronounced based on insurance status, geographical location, and socio-economic status. Displaced Venezuelans will remain abroad for an extended period of time, if not permanently. Focus should shift from providing humanitarian aid to integrating the migrants and refugees, particularly the most vulnerable groups, into the local economic and healthcare system.
在过去十年中，超过600万来自委内瑞拉的移民和难民离开了他们的国家；其中100万人居住在秘鲁。众所周知，委内瑞拉移民和难民妇女获得性健康和生殖健康服务（SRHS）以及使用避孕药具的机会有限。迄今为止，了解影响获得这些服务的因素的研究有限。本研究旨在确定哪些促进因素和易患因素会影响委内瑞拉移民和难民妇女获得SRHS和使用避孕药具的情况。
这是一项对2018年居住在秘鲁的委内瑞拉人口进行的首次调查的回顾性横断面研究。该调查覆盖了该国的六个城市（利马大都会、卡亚俄、通贝斯、库斯科、特鲁希略、阿雷基帕）。该研究的样本包括育龄（15 - 49岁）的委内瑞拉移民妇女。安德森的卫生服务行为模型是该调查的概念框架。采用逻辑回归模型来检验不同的易患因素和促进因素与妇女获得SRHS和使用避孕药具之间的关系。
样本量包括总共3378名育龄委内瑞拉妇女。50.7%的妇女年龄在21 - 30岁之间，超过90.6%的样本居住在利马大都会。只有20.2%的妇女报告称她们能够获得现代避孕药具。研究结果表明，拥有保险、居住在特鲁希略以及具有较高的社会经济地位与更多地获得某些性生殖健康服务和使用避孕药具相关。
本研究确定了与获得SRHS和使用避孕药具相关的不同易患因素和促进因素。基于保险状况、地理位置和社会经济地位的获得机会和使用情况差异尤为明显。流离失所的委内瑞拉人将在国外长期停留，如果不是永久停留的话。应将重点从提供人道主义援助转向将移民和难民，特别是最脆弱群体，融入当地经济和医疗体系。
