Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Caixa Postal 6181, Campinas, SP, 13084-971, Brazil.
Direction of Basic Attention Care, Health Secretary, State of Roraima, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil.
BMC Public Health. 2020 Nov 23;20(1):1771. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09912-x.
Guaranteeing the sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) of populations living in fragile and humanitarian settings is essential and constitutes a basic human right. Compounded by the inherent vulnerabilities of women in crises, substantial complications are directly associated with increased risks of poor SRHR outcomes for displaced populations. The migration of Venezuelans, displaced due to current economic circumstances, is one of the largest in Latin America's history. This study aims to provide an overview of the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) issues affecting migrant Venezuelan women in the state of Roraima, Brazil.
Face-to-face interviews were conducted from 24 to 30 November 2019. Data collection covered various issues involving access to and use of SRH services by 405 migrant Venezuelan women aged 18-49 years. The Minimum Initial Service Package readiness assessment tools, available from the Inter-Agency Working Group on Reproductive Health in Crises, were used in the data collection.
Most commonly, the women reported unmet family planning needs. Of these, a significant proportion reported being unable to obtain contraceptive methods, particularly long-acting reversible contraceptives, either due to the woman's inability to access them or their unavailability at healthcare centres. Although a significant proportion of women were largely satisfied with the attention received at the maternity hospital, both before and during childbirth, 24.0% of pregnant or postpartum women failed to receive any prenatal or postnatal care.
Meeting the essential SRHR needs of migrant Venezuelan women in Roraima, Brazil is a challenge that has yet to be fully addressed. Given the size of this migrant population, the Brazilian healthcare system has failed to adapt sufficiently to meet their needs; however, problems with healthcare provision are similar for migrants and Brazilian citizens. Efforts need to be encouraged not only in governmental health sectors, but also with academic, non-governmental and international organisations, including a coordinated approach to ensure a comprehensive SRHR response. Given the current high risks associated with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, meeting the SRHR needs of migrant populations has become more critical than ever.
保障生活在脆弱和人道主义环境中的人群的性健康和生殖健康及权利（SRHR）至关重要，这是一项基本人权。由于危机中的妇女固有的脆弱性，大量并发症与流离失所人口的 SRHR 结果不佳的风险增加直接相关。由于当前经济形势而流离失所的委内瑞拉人迁移是拉丁美洲历史上规模最大的迁移之一。本研究旨在概述影响巴西罗赖马州的委内瑞拉移民妇女的性健康和生殖健康（SRH）问题。
2019 年 11 月 24 日至 30 日进行了面对面访谈。数据收集涵盖了 405 名 18-49 岁的委内瑞拉移民妇女在获得和使用 SRH 服务方面的各种问题。生殖健康危机机构间工作组提供的最低初始服务包准备情况评估工具用于数据收集。
最常见的是，妇女报告未满足的计划生育需求。其中，相当一部分报告无法获得避孕方法，特别是长效可逆避孕方法，要么是因为妇女无法获得，要么是因为医疗中心没有这些方法。尽管很大一部分妇女对在妇产医院接受的护理基本满意，无论是在分娩前还是分娩期间，但仍有 24.0%的孕妇或产后妇女没有接受任何产前或产后护理。
满足巴西罗赖马州委内瑞拉移民妇女的基本 SRHR 需求是一个尚未完全解决的挑战。鉴于这一移民人口的规模，巴西医疗保健系统未能充分适应以满足他们的需求；然而，移民和巴西公民在医疗服务提供方面都存在问题。不仅需要鼓励政府卫生部门，还需要鼓励学术、非政府和国际组织做出努力，包括协调一致的方法，以确保全面的 SRHR 应对。鉴于当前与 SARS-CoV-2 大流行相关的高风险，满足移民人群的 SRHR 需求变得比以往任何时候都更加重要。
