Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2022 Jul;15(7):1325-1338. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2021.11.017. Epub 2022 Jan 12.
Myocarditis represents the entity of an inflamed myocardium and is a diagnostic challenge caused by its heterogeneous presentation. Contemporary noninvasive evaluation of patients with clinically suspected myocarditis using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) includes dimensions and function of the heart chambers, conventional T2-weighted imaging, late gadolinium enhancement, novel T1 and T2 mapping, and extracellular volume fraction calculation. CMR feature-tracking, texture analysis, and artificial intelligence emerge as potential modern techniques to further improve diagnosis and prognostication in this clinical setting. This review describes the evidence surrounding different CMR methods and image postprocessing methods and highlights their values for clinical decision making, monitoring, and risk stratification across stages of this condition.
心肌炎表现为心肌炎症，其临床表现多样，给诊断带来挑战。目前，临床上怀疑心肌炎的患者采用心脏磁共振（CMR）进行无创评估，包括心脏各腔室的大小和功能、常规 T2 加权成像、延迟钆增强、新型 T1 和 T2 映射以及细胞外容积分数计算。CMR 应变分析、纹理分析和人工智能等新兴技术可能有助于进一步提高该临床环境下的诊断和预后能力。本文回顾了不同 CMR 方法和图像后处理方法的相关证据，并强调了这些方法在该疾病各阶段的临床决策、监测和风险分层中的应用价值。
