Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan.
The Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2023 Jun;23(6):955-963. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2022.2078741. Epub 2022 Jun 13.
This study aimed to examine how genetic polymorphisms related to muscular strength and flexibility influence artistic gymnastic performance in an attempt to identify a novel polymorphism associated with flexibility. In study 1, the passive straight-leg-raise (PSLR) score and aromatase gene rs936306 polymorphism, a key enzyme for estrogen biosynthesis, were assessed in 278 individuals. In study 2, athletes (281 gymnasts and 1908 other athletes) were asked about their competition level, and gymnasts were assessed using the difficulty score (D-score) for each event. Muscular strength- ( R577X rs1815739 and I/D rs4341) and flexibility-related ( rs2234693 T/C and rs936306 C/T) genetic polymorphisms were analyzed. In study 1, males with the CT + TT genotype showed significantly higher PSLR scores than those with the CC genotype. In study 2, male gymnasts with the R allele of R577X showed a correlation with the floor, rings, vault, and total D-scores. In addition, male gymnasts with the C allele of T/C and T allele of C/T polymorphisms were correlated with the pommel horse, parallel bars, horizontal bar, and total D-scores. Furthermore, genotype scores of these three polymorphisms correlated with the total D-scores and competition levels in male gymnasts. In contrast, no such associations were observed in female gymnasts. Our findings suggest that muscular strength- and flexibility-related polymorphisms play important roles in achieving high performance in male artistic gymnastics by specifically influencing the performance of events that require muscular strength and flexibility, respectively.Estrogen-related polymorphism is a novel determinant of flexibility in males.Muscular strength- and flexibility-related polymorphisms play important roles in high performance in male artistic gymnastics.Genotypes of R577X, rs2234693, and rs936306 may contribute to training plan optimization and event selection in artistic gymnastics.
这项研究旨在探讨与肌肉力量和柔韧性相关的遗传多态性如何影响艺术体操表现，试图鉴定与柔韧性相关的新多态性。在研究 1 中，评估了 278 个人的被动直腿抬高（PSLR）评分和芳香化酶基因 rs936306 多态性，该基因是雌激素生物合成的关键酶。在研究 2 中，询问了运动员（281 名体操运动员和 1908 名其他运动员）的比赛水平，并用每个项目的难度得分（D 得分）评估体操运动员。分析了肌肉力量相关（R577X rs1815739 和 I/D rs4341）和柔韧性相关（rs2234693 T/C 和 rs936306 C/T）遗传多态性。在研究 1 中，与 CC 基因型相比，CT+TT 基因型的男性 PSLR 评分显著更高。在研究 2 中，R577X 等位基因的男性体操运动员与地板、吊环、跳马和总 D 得分相关。此外，T/C 和 T/C 多态性的 C 等位基因和 C/T 多态性的 T 等位基因的男性体操运动员与鞍马、双杠、单杠和总 D 得分相关。此外，这三个多态性的基因型评分与男性体操运动员的总 D 得分和比赛水平相关。相比之下，女性体操运动员中没有观察到这种关联。我们的研究结果表明，肌肉力量和柔韧性相关的多态性通过分别影响需要肌肉力量和柔韧性的项目的表现，在男性艺术体操中发挥重要作用，以达到高性能。雌激素相关多态性是男性柔韧性的新决定因素。肌肉力量和柔韧性相关的多态性在男性艺术体操的高性能中发挥重要作用。R577X、rs2234693 和 rs936306 的基因型可能有助于优化艺术体操的训练计划和项目选择。
