Lee S P, Lester R, Pyrek J S
J Lipid Res. 1987 Jan;28(1):19-31.
A novel trihydroxylated C24 bile acid was isolated from the gallbladder bile of the Australian opossum, Trichosurus vulpecula (Lesson). This acid, for which the name vulpecholic acid is proposed, was identified as 1 alpha, 3 alpha, 7 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oic. The structure proof included mass spectral and 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance characterization of all crucial derivatives obtained by: oxidation of the methyl ester to a triketone with the enolizable 1,3-diketone function; methylation of this triketone to two isomeric methyl enol ethers; and reductive removal of oxygen functions from this triketone to give 5 beta-cholan-24-oic and 7-oxo-5 beta-cholan-24-oic acids. Vulpecholic acid was found in the bile in the unconjugated form; it accounted for more than 60% of the solid bile material. The marsupial T. vulpecula is the first example of a mammal secreting a 1 alpha-hydroxylated bile acid as well as the first example of a mammal secreting the major bile acid in a free form.
从澳大利亚负鼠（帚尾袋貂，Trichosurus vulpecula [Lesson]）的胆囊胆汁中分离出一种新型的三羟基化C24胆汁酸。这种酸被命名为帚尾袋貂胆酸，其结构被鉴定为1α，3α，7α-三羟基-5β-胆烷-24-酸。结构确证包括对所有关键衍生物进行质谱分析以及1H和13C核磁共振表征，这些衍生物是通过以下方法获得的：将甲酯氧化为具有可烯醇化的1,3-二酮官能团的三酮；将该三酮甲基化得到两种异构体甲基烯醇醚；以及从该三酮中还原去除氧官能团以得到5β-胆烷-24-酸和7-氧代-5β-胆烷-24-酸。发现帚尾袋貂胆酸在胆汁中以未结合形式存在；它占胆汁固体物质的60%以上。有袋动物帚尾袋貂是分泌1α-羟基化胆汁酸的哺乳动物的首个实例，也是以游离形式分泌主要胆汁酸的哺乳动物的首个实例。
