Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Sciences, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, UK.
TNO Acoustics and Sonar, Oude Waalsdorperweg 63, 2597 AK The Hague, the Netherlands.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2022 Jun;179:113733. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113733. Epub 2022 May 17.
Underwater radiated noise from shipping is globally pervasive and can cause deleterious effects on marine life, ranging from behavioural responses to physiological effects. Acoustic modelling makes it possible to map this noise over large areas and long timescales, and to test mitigation scenarios such as ship speed reduction or spatial restrictions. However, such maps must be validated against measurements to ensure confidence in their predictions. This study carried out a multi-site validation of the monthly and annual shipping noise maps for 2019 produced as part of the Joint Monitoring of Ambient Noise in the North Sea (JOMOPANS) programme. Spectral, spatial, and temporal differences between predictions and measurements were analysed, with differences linked to uncertainty in model input data and additional sources of anthropogenic noise in the measurements. Validating shipping noise models in this way ensures they can be applied with confidence in future management decisions to address shipping noise pollution.
船舶水下辐射噪声在全球范围内普遍存在，可能对海洋生物造成有害影响，包括行为反应和生理影响。声学建模使得在大区域和长时间尺度上绘制这种噪声并测试减轻措施（如降低船舶速度或限制空间）成为可能。然而，这些地图必须经过测量验证，以确保对其预测的信心。本研究对 2019 年作为联合监测北海环境噪声（JOMOPANS）计划一部分制作的每月和每年船舶噪声图进行了多站点验证。分析了预测值和测量值之间的频谱、空间和时间差异，并将差异与模型输入数据的不确定性以及测量中的其他人为噪声源联系起来。通过这种方式验证船舶噪声模型，可以确保在未来的管理决策中自信地应用它们来解决船舶噪声污染问题。
