Wu Xiandeng, Qiu Hua, Zhang Mingjie
Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Greater Bay Biomedical Innocenter, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518036, China; School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
J Mol Biol. 2023 Jan 15;435(1):167629. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167629. Epub 2022 May 17.
Action potential-induced neurotransmitter release in presynaptic boutons involves coordinated actions of a large list of proteins that are associated directly or indirectly with membrane structures including synaptic vesicles and plasma membranes. These proteins are often highly abundant in different synaptic bouton sub-compartments, and they rarely act alone. Instead, these proteins interact with each other forming intricate and distinct molecular complexes. Many of these complexes form condensed clusters on membrane surfaces. This review summarizes findings in recent years showing that many of presynaptic protein complex assemblies are formed via phase separation. These protein condensates extensively interact with lipid membranes via distinct modes, forming various mesoscale structures by different mode of organizations between membraneless condensates and membranous organelles. We discuss that such mesoscale interactions could have deep implications on mobilization, exocytosis, and retrieval of synaptic vesicles.
突触前终扣中动作电位诱导的神经递质释放涉及大量与膜结构（包括突触小泡和质膜）直接或间接相关的蛋白质的协同作用。这些蛋白质在不同的突触终扣亚区往往高度丰富，且很少单独发挥作用。相反，这些蛋白质相互作用形成复杂且独特的分子复合物。其中许多复合物在膜表面形成凝聚簇。本综述总结了近年来的研究结果，表明许多突触前蛋白复合物组装是通过相分离形成的。这些蛋白质凝聚物通过不同模式与脂质膜广泛相互作用，在无膜凝聚物和膜性细胞器之间以不同的组织模式形成各种中尺度结构。我们讨论了这种中尺度相互作用可能对突触小泡的动员、胞吐作用和回收具有深远影响。
