Cho Eun Seon, Evans Christopher M, Davidson Emily C, Hoarfrost Megan L, Modestino Miguel A, Segalman Rachel A, Urban Jeffrey J
The Molecular Foundry, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
Departments of Chemical Engineering and Materials, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States.
ACS Macro Lett. 2015 Jan 20;4(1):70-74. doi: 10.1021/mz500765y. Epub 2014 Dec 24.
Highly transparent and effective encapsulating materials have become increasingly important for photovoltaic (PV) modules to prevent water vapor molecules from permeating PV cells. The composite consists of block copolymer (PS--P2VP), comprised of hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts, and hygroscopic nanocrystals (Magnesium Oxide, MgO) incorporated to enhance water vapor blocking by both presenting obstacles for mass transport and also scavenging water molecules. The water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) values were reduced ∼3000 times, compared to homopolymer (PS), for both polymer and composite samples. Achieving both high transparency and low WVTR, it is expected that the composite materials can function as an excellent water vapor blocking layer for PV modules.
对于光伏（PV）组件而言，高透明度且有效的封装材料对于防止水蒸气分子渗透到光伏电池中变得越来越重要。该复合材料由包含疏水和亲水部分的嵌段共聚物（PS-P2VP）以及吸湿纳米晶体（氧化镁，MgO）组成，通过为质量传输提供障碍以及清除水分子来增强水蒸气阻隔性能。与均聚物（PS）相比，聚合物和复合材料样品的水蒸气透过率（WVTR）值降低了约3000倍。由于实现了高透明度和低WVTR，预计该复合材料可作为光伏组件出色的水蒸气阻隔层。
