Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Mayo Clinic and Foundation , Rochester , Minnesota , USA.
Gastroenterology Research Unit , Mayo Clinic and Foundation , Rochester , Minnesota , USA.
Hepatology. 2023 Jan 1;77(1):305-322. doi: 10.1002/hep.32583. Epub 2022 Jun 23.
The burden of liver diseases is increasing worldwide, with liver transplantation remaining the only treatment option for end-stage liver disease. Regenerative medicine holds great potential as a therapeutic alternative, aiming to repair or replace damaged liver tissue with healthy functional cells. The properties of the cells used are critical for the efficacy of this approach. The advent of liver organoids has not only offered new insights into human physiology and pathophysiology, but also provided an optimal source of cells for regenerative medicine and translational applications. Here, we discuss various historical aspects of 3D organoid culture, how it has been applied to the hepatobiliary system, and how organoid technology intersects with the emerging global field of liver regenerative medicine. We outline the hepatocyte, cholangiocyte, and nonparenchymal organoids systems available and discuss their advantages and limitations for regenerative medicine as well as future directions.
肝脏疾病的负担在全球范围内不断增加，肝移植仍然是终末期肝病的唯一治疗选择。再生医学作为一种治疗选择具有巨大的潜力，旨在用健康的功能性细胞修复或替代受损的肝组织。所使用的细胞的特性对于该方法的疗效至关重要。肝类器官的出现不仅为人类生理学和病理生理学提供了新的见解，还为再生医学和转化应用提供了最佳的细胞来源。在这里，我们讨论了 3D 类器官培养的各个历史方面，它如何应用于肝胆系统，以及类器官技术如何与新兴的全球肝脏再生医学领域交叉。我们概述了现有的肝细胞、胆管细胞和非实质细胞类器官系统，并讨论了它们在再生医学中的优缺点以及未来的方向。
