College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems, Shanghai, 201210, China.
Chemosphere. 2022 Sep;303(Pt 1):135004. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135004. Epub 2022 May 19.
Non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) pose a serious risk to the soil-groundwater environment. Coupling surfactants with in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) technology is a promising strategy, which is attributed to the enhanced desorption and solubilization efficiency of NAPL contaminants. However, the complex interactions among surfactants, oxidation systems, and NAPL contaminants have not been fully revealed. This review provides a comprehensive overview on the development of surfactant-coupled ISCO technology focusing on the effects of surfactants on oxidation systems and NAPLs degradation behavior. Specifically, we discussed the compatibility between surfactants and oxidation systems, including the non-productive consumption of oxidants by surfactants, the role of surfactants in catalytic oxidation systems, and the loss of surfactants solubilization capacity during oxidation process. The effect of surfactants on the degradation behavior of NAPL contaminants is then thoroughly summarized in terms of degradation kinetics, byproducts and degradation mechanisms. This review demonstrates that it is crucial to minimize the negative effects of surfactants on NAPL contaminants oxidation process by fully understanding the interaction between surfactants and oxidation systems, which would promote the successful implementation of surfactant-coupled ISCO technology in remediation of NAPLs-contaminated sites.
非水相液体（NAPLs）对土壤-地下水环境构成严重威胁。将表面活性剂与原位化学氧化（ISCO）技术相结合是一种很有前途的策略，这归因于 NAPL 污染物的解吸和增溶效率的提高。然而，表面活性剂、氧化系统和 NAPL 污染物之间的复杂相互作用尚未得到充分揭示。本综述重点介绍了表面活性剂耦合 ISCO 技术的发展，全面概述了表面活性剂对氧化系统和 NAPL 降解行为的影响。具体而言，我们讨论了表面活性剂与氧化系统之间的相容性，包括表面活性剂对氧化剂的非生产性消耗、表面活性剂在催化氧化系统中的作用以及氧化过程中表面活性剂增溶能力的丧失。然后根据降解动力学、副产物和降解机制，详细总结了表面活性剂对 NAPL 污染物降解行为的影响。本综述表明，充分了解表面活性剂与氧化系统之间的相互作用，将有助于最大限度地减少表面活性剂对 NAPL 污染物氧化过程的负面影响，从而促进表面活性剂耦合 ISCO 技术在 NAPLs 污染场地修复中的成功实施。
