Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.; UniSA Allied Health & Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
UniSA Allied Health & Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
Am J Prev Med. 2022 Aug;63(2):277-285. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2022.03.020. Epub 2022 May 20.
This study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze the relationship between resistance training and all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer mortality.
Systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews Registration Number CRD42019136654) was conducted. MEDLINE (OVID), Embase, Emcare, SPORTDiscus, The Cochrane Library, and SCOPUS were searched from inception to June 6, 2021. Included studies reported resistance training as the exposure and all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease‒specific mortality, and/or cancer-specific mortality as outcome/s. Only studies conducted among nonclinical adult populations (aged ≥18 years) and written in English were included.
A total of 10 studies were included in the meta-analyses. Compared with undertaking no resistance training, undertaking any amount of resistance training reduced the risk of all-cause mortality by 15% (RR of 6 studies=0.85; 95% CI=0.77, 0.93), cardiovascular disease mortality by 19% (RR of 4 studies=0.81; 95% CI=0.66, 1.00), and cancer mortality by 14% (RR of 5 studies=0.86; 95% CI=0.78, 0.95). A dose-response meta-analysis of 4 studies suggested a nonlinear relationship between resistance training and the risk of all-cause mortality. A maximum risk reduction of 27% was observed at around 60 minutes per week of resistance training (RR=0.74; 95% CI=0.64, 0.86). Mortality risk reductions diminished at higher volumes.
This systematic review and meta-analysis provides the strongest evidence to date that resistance training is associated with reduced risk of all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer-specific mortality. More research is needed to determine whether any potential mortality benefits gained from resistance training diminish at higher volumes.
本研究旨在系统地回顾和荟萃分析抗阻力训练与全因、心血管疾病和癌症死亡率之间的关系。
按照 PRISMA 指南（国际前瞻性系统评价注册登记号 CRD42019136654）进行系统回顾和荟萃分析。从建库到 2021 年 6 月 6 日，检索了 MEDLINE（OVID）、Embase、Emcare、SPORTDiscus、Cochrane 图书馆和 SCOPUS。纳入的研究报告了抗阻力训练作为暴露因素，以及全因死亡率、心血管疾病特异性死亡率和/或癌症特异性死亡率作为结局。仅纳入了在非临床成年人群（年龄≥18 岁）中进行、以英文撰写的研究。
共有 10 项研究纳入荟萃分析。与不进行抗阻力训练相比，进行任何量的抗阻力训练可降低 15%的全因死亡率（6 项研究的 RR=0.85；95%CI=0.77，0.93）、19%的心血管疾病死亡率（4 项研究的 RR=0.81；95%CI=0.66，1.00）和 14%的癌症死亡率（5 项研究的 RR=0.86；95%CI=0.78，0.95）。对 4 项研究的剂量-反应荟萃分析表明，抗阻力训练与全因死亡率之间存在非线性关系。在每周约 60 分钟的抗阻力训练时，观察到最大 27%的风险降低（RR=0.74；95%CI=0.64，0.86）。在更高的训练量时，死亡率的降低幅度减小。
本系统回顾和荟萃分析提供了迄今为止最强有力的证据，表明抗阻力训练与降低全因、心血管疾病和癌症特异性死亡率相关。需要更多的研究来确定从抗阻力训练中获得的任何潜在的死亡率获益是否会在更高的训练量时降低。
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