Li Kexin, Xiao Kunmin, Zhu Shijie, Wang Yong, Wang Wei
Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2022 May 5;13:889799. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.889799. eCollection 2022.
Primary liver cancer (PLC) is one of the most common solid malignancies. However, PLC drug development has been slow, and first-line treatments are still needed; thus, studies exploring and developing alternative strategies for effective PLC treatment are urgently needed. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has long been applied in the clinic due to its advantages of low toxicity and targeting of multiple factors and pathways, and it has great potential for the development of novel natural drugs against PLC. This review aims to provide an update on the pharmacological mechanisms of Chinese patent medicines (CPMs) and the latest CHM-derived compounds for the treatment of PLC and relevant clinical evaluations. A systematic search of English literature databases, Chinese literature, the Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry for studies of CHMs for PLC treatment was performed. In this review, we summarize the clinical trials and mechanisms of CPMs for PLC treatment that have entered the clinic with the approval of the Chinese medicine regulatory authority. These CPMs included Huaier granules, Ganfule granules, Fufang Banmao capsules, Jinlong capsules, Brucea oil emulsions, and compound kushen injections. We also summarize the latest , , and clinical studies of CHM-derived compounds against PLC: icaritin and ginsenoside Rg3. Dilemmas facing the development of CHMs, such as drug toxicity and low oral availability, and future developments are also discussed. This review provides a deeper the understanding of CHMs as PLC treatments and provides ideas for the development of new natural drugs against PLC.
原发性肝癌（PLC）是最常见的实体恶性肿瘤之一。然而，PLC的药物研发进展缓慢，一线治疗仍有待完善；因此，迫切需要开展研究以探索和开发有效的PLC治疗替代策略。中药（CHM）因其低毒性以及对多种因素和途径具有靶向作用的优势，长期以来一直应用于临床，在开发抗PLC新型天然药物方面具有巨大潜力。本综述旨在提供关于中成药（CPMs）治疗PLC的药理机制、最新的CHM衍生化合物以及相关临床评价的最新信息。我们对英文文献数据库、中文文献、临床试验注册平台以及中国临床试验注册中心进行了系统检索，以查找关于CHM治疗PLC的研究。在本综述中，我们总结了已获中国药品监管部门批准进入临床的CPMs治疗PLC的临床试验和作用机制。这些CPMs包括槐耳颗粒、肝复乐颗粒、复方斑蝥胶囊、金龙胶囊、鸦胆子油乳剂和复方苦参注射液。我们还总结了CHM衍生化合物抗PLC的最新临床前、临床前和临床研究：淫羊藿素和人参皂苷Rg3。此外，还讨论了CHM开发面临的困境，如药物毒性和口服利用率低，以及未来的发展方向。本综述加深了对CHM作为PLC治疗方法的理解，并为开发抗PLC新型天然药物提供了思路。
