Legua Pilar, José Martínez-Nicolás Juan, Guirao Pedro, Hernández Francisca, Núñez-Gómez Dámaris, Melgarejo Pablo
Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental (CIAGRO-UMH), Miguel Hernandez University. Ctra. Beniel km 3.2 03312, Orihuela, Spain.
Food Chem (Oxf). 2022 May 17;4:100112. doi: 10.1016/j.fochms.2022.100112. eCollection 2022 Jul 30.
The pomegranate tree is cultivated and its fruits consumed since ancient times. This tree is typical of the Mediterranean climate, with high thermal demands to mature properly. The main objective of this work was to study the influence of the fruit bagging technique on the morphometric and biochemical characteristics of the pomegranate fruits of two new varieties that are currently cultivated in the Southeast of Spain. The results indicated that the fruit bagging presented a significant effect on the weight, equatorial diameter, height and shape of the fruit, however, it did not show any influence on the peel thickness. No significant differences have been observed in the number of healthy fruits with and without bagging, however, the number of cracked fruits with damage was higher for the non-bagged fruits. The fruit bagging presented a significant effect on the total soluble solids, maturity index, glucose, α-punicalagin, α + β-punicalagin and ellagic acid, but it did not show influence on pH, acidity, ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, total phenols, fructose, citric, malic, and quinic acid, β-punicalagin and anthocyanins. The internal fruit color was not affected by the bagging, although it did affect the external color of the fruit, and unevenly depending on the variety. Based on the results, it can be said that bagging can improve the quality of the fruit by reducing damage from pests and pathophysiology, and this benefit compensates or even exceeds the negative effects of bagging on peel color.
石榴树自古以来就有人种植并食用其果实。这种树是地中海气候的典型树种，对热量需求较高才能正常成熟。这项工作的主要目的是研究套袋技术对西班牙东南部目前种植的两个新品种石榴果实的形态和生化特性的影响。结果表明，套袋对果实的重量、赤道直径、高度和形状有显著影响，然而，对果皮厚度没有任何影响。套袋和未套袋的健康果实数量没有观察到显著差异，但是，未套袋果实的裂果和受损果实数量更高。套袋对总可溶性固形物、成熟指数、葡萄糖、α-石榴皮素、α + β-石榴皮素和鞣花酸有显著影响，但对pH值、酸度、ABTS、DPPH、FRAP、总酚、果糖、柠檬酸、苹果酸和奎宁酸、β-石榴皮素和花青素没有影响。套袋虽未影响果实内部颜色，但影响了果实外部颜色，且因品种而异，并不均匀。基于这些结果，可以说套袋可以通过减少病虫害和病理生理损害来提高果实品质，而且这种益处弥补甚至超过了套袋对果皮颜色的负面影响。
