Department of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, School of Agriculture and Aquaculture, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh Province, Vietnam.
Open Vet J. 2022 Mar-Apr;12(2):250-255. doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2022.v12.i2.13. Epub 2022 Apr 16.
Theanine is a naturally occurring amino acid, including two forms: D-theanine and L-theanine. L-theanine is the most common nonprotein amino acid and is soluble in water. Theanine can be found in some plants, such as green tea and some mushrooms. Under stress conditions, theanine is proposed to be a naturally effective additive in preventing reactive oxygen species, thus reducing oxidative stress. In addition, as an immune booster in animal bodies, L-theanine can be applied in the diet to help animals improve their performance, especially their immunity during stress conditions. The digestion of L-theanine improves γδ T cell growth and development. Thus, it is considered an essential compound in boosting the immune function. Moreover, the immune function of L-theanine is also shown in immune-related organs through increasing their weights. Theanine seems to be widely used in pigs, mice, and humans. However, the study of theanine in poultry species is scarce. Therefore, to fill the knowledge gap regarding the use of theanine in enhancing poultry immunity, this study aims to synthesize all information on the application of theanine in poultry, focusing on its immune-boosting role.
茶氨酸是一种天然存在的氨基酸，包括两种形式：D-茶氨酸和 L-茶氨酸。L-茶氨酸是最常见的非蛋白氨基酸，可溶于水。茶氨酸存在于一些植物中，如绿茶和一些蘑菇。在应激条件下，茶氨酸被提议作为一种天然有效的添加剂，以防止活性氧的产生，从而减轻氧化应激。此外，作为动物体内的免疫增强剂，L-茶氨酸可应用于饮食中，帮助动物提高其性能，特别是在应激条件下的免疫力。L-茶氨酸的消化可促进 γδ T 细胞的生长和发育。因此，它被认为是增强免疫功能的必需化合物。此外，L-茶氨酸的免疫功能还表现在免疫相关器官中，使这些器官的重量增加。茶氨酸似乎在猪、鼠和人类中被广泛使用。然而，关于茶氨酸在禽类中的应用研究却很少。因此，为了填补茶氨酸在增强家禽免疫力方面的应用知识空白，本研究旨在综合所有关于茶氨酸在禽类中的应用信息，重点关注其免疫增强作用。
