Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Oct;29(47):71840-71856. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-20834-6. Epub 2022 May 23.
Agricultural water use has long accounted for more than 70% of water consumption in Northeast China. Estimating farmland irrigation water requirements and water balance is essential to ensure safe agricultural water and promote rational development and utilization of regional water resources. In this study, based on the modified Penman-Monteith equation recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, the net crop irrigation water requirements for four main crops in Northeast China were calculated, and the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics were also analyzed. Additionally, regional farmland irrigation water requirements were estimated, water balance in a typical year was determined, and the dominant factors affecting farmland irrigation water requirements in different regions were analyzed. From 1986 to 2020, the net irrigation water requirements for four main crops all showed the temporal trend of no significant increase and the spatial distribution characteristic of being high in the west and low in the east. The farmland irrigation water requirement decreased, and the monthly average farmland irrigation water requirement peaked in July during 2010-2019. Compared with 2010, in 2019, the irrigation water requirement per cultivated land grid cell in 20 cities increased and that in 16 cities decreased. Most cities were facing varying degrees of water shortage. Precipitation had the greatest direct effect on the farmland irrigation water requirement in different regions. These results quantify the farmland irrigation water requirement and water balance in Northeast China, and provide a reference for water resources and related environmental governance.
农业用水长期以来一直占中国东北地区用水量的 70%以上。估算农田灌溉需水量和水量平衡对于确保农业用水安全和促进区域水资源的合理开发利用至关重要。本研究基于粮食及农业组织（FAO）推荐的修正彭曼-蒙特斯公式和地理信息系统（GIS）技术，计算了中国东北地区四种主要作物的净作物灌溉需水量，并分析了其时空分布特征。此外，估算了区域农田灌溉需水量，确定了典型年份的水量平衡，并分析了不同地区影响农田灌溉需水量的主导因素。1986 年至 2020 年，四种主要作物的净灌溉需水量均表现出无显著增加的时间趋势和西部高、东部低的空间分布特征。农田灌溉需水量减少，2010-2019 年期间，月平均农田灌溉需水量峰值出现在 7 月。与 2010 年相比，2019 年 20 个城市的每耕地网格单元灌溉需水量增加，16 个城市的灌溉需水量减少。大多数城市都面临着不同程度的水资源短缺。降水对不同地区的农田灌溉需水量有最大的直接影响。这些结果量化了中国东北地区的农田灌溉需水量和水量平衡，为水资源和相关环境治理提供了参考。
