Kumar Amresh, Ladha Amit, Choudhury Ankita, Ikbal Abu Md Ashif, Bhattacharjee Bedanta, Das Tanmay, Gupta Gaurav, Sharma Chhavi, Sarbajna Adity, Mandal Subhash C, Choudhury Manabendra Dutta, Ali Nahid, Slama Petr, Rezaei Nima, Palit Partha, Tiwari Onkar Nath
Department of Life Sciences and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India.
Area of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, NIIT University, Neemrana, India.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2022 Aug;21(8):1071-1086. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2081156. Epub 2022 May 31.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has emerged as one of the biggest global health issues. Spike protein (S) and nucleoprotein (N), the major immunogenic components of SARS-CoV-2, have been shown to be involved in the attachment and replication of the virus inside the host cell.
Several investigations have shown that the SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein can elicit a cell-mediated immune response capable of regulating viral replication and lowering viral burden. However, the development of an effective vaccine that can stop the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 remains a matter of concern. Literature was retrieved using the keywords COVID-19 vaccine, role of nucleoprotein as vaccine candidate, spike protein, nucleoprotein immune responses against SARS-CoV-2, and chimera vaccine in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Google.
We have focussed on the use of chimera protein, consisting of N and S-1 protein components of SARS-CoV-2, as a potential vaccine candidate. This may act as a polyvalent mixed recombinant protein vaccine to elicit a strong T and B cell immune response, which will be capable of neutralizing the wild and mutated variants of SARS-CoV-2, and also restricting its attachment, replication, and budding in the host cell.
由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）已成为全球最大的健康问题之一。刺突蛋白（S）和核蛋白（N）是SARS-CoV-2的主要免疫原性成分，已被证明参与病毒在宿主细胞内的附着和复制。
多项研究表明，SARS-CoV-2核蛋白可引发能够调节病毒复制并降低病毒载量的细胞介导免疫反应。然而，开发一种能够阻止SARS-CoV-2传播的有效疫苗仍然是一个令人担忧的问题。使用关键词COVID-19疫苗、核蛋白作为候选疫苗的作用、刺突蛋白、针对SARS-CoV-2的核蛋白免疫反应以及嵌合疫苗在PubMed、谷歌学术和谷歌上检索文献。
我们专注于使用由SARS-CoV-2的N和S-1蛋白成分组成的嵌合蛋白作为潜在的候选疫苗。这可能作为一种多价混合重组蛋白疫苗，引发强烈的T细胞和B细胞免疫反应，能够中和SARS-CoV-2的野生型和突变型变体，并限制其在宿主细胞内的附着、复制和出芽。
